基础英语写作双色印刷课件作者王辉第四章节标点符号.ppt

5. 逗号错误 （1）日-月-年次序的日期中的逗号错误。英语日期的表达可以用月-日-年的次序和日-月-年的次序,日和年之间加逗号而月和年之间习惯上不加逗号。如误把“3 August 2013”写成“3 August,2013”。（2）在部分副词如perhaps , so 后加逗号。 例:Perhaps, I would not have such a good chance again.So, they keep in touch with each other merely by writing letters and phoning now.以上两句的修改方法是把句中的逗号去掉。（3）该用分号的地方用了逗点,不该用标点的地方也用了逗点,都导致了句子的错误。例:People make history, unusual people make history interesting. 此句逗点应改为分号, 这是两个独立分句。Mary was happy when she was free of her parents’scrutiny, or while she was working in her garden. 此句的并列连词是连接的成对的从句,而不是独立分句,连词前面的逗号应去掉 6 连字号错误 许多英语学习者往往随意用连字号派生单词,如把“boyfriend”写成“boy-friend”； “middle school”写成“middle-school”。在行末单词分行时,连字号使用错误更多。与之相反,若把本应有的连字号粗心删去,其单词含义可能会大相径庭。 8. 因语体错位而造成的标点错误 英文写作是一种书面语的输出。书面语体的特征要求其与口头语相区别。口语中存在的大量缩简形式在书面语体中应尽量避免。而许多学习者在书面作文中大量使用省字号(’),作文在文体上存在漏洞。 7与语法知识有关的标点错误 (1)?把非限制性定语从句(non-restrictive?attributive?clause)? 理解成限制性定语从句(restrictive?attributive?clause)?而忽略用逗点。 如: 〔错误〕 ?We?were?led?into?a?nearest?fabric?shop?that?was?divided?into?two?parts. 从句意来看,上句是一个非限制性定语从句,故应在shop?后加逗点,把that?相应改成which?即: 〔修改〕 ?We?were?led?into?a?nearest?fabric?shop?,?which?was?divided?into?two?parts. (2)?不论状语从句在整个句子中处于何种位置,一概以逗点隔开。 〔错误〕?We?will?go?there?,?if?it?is?fine?tomorrow.? 状语从句可置于句首或句末。置于句首时,一般要用标点隔开;而置于句末时,则无需与主句隔开,故?以上句子应改为:? 〔修改〕 ?If?it?is?fine?tomorrow?,?we?will?go?there.? 或 We?will?go?there?if?it?is?fine?tomorrow.?  (3)?在疑问句形式的陈述句后使用问号 。 〔错误〕 What?fun?could we??expect?？I?wondered.? 〔修改〕 What?fun?could?we??expect?,?I?wondered.? 英语疑问除可用问号来表达外,尚可用词序加以表达。故上例的疑问可用逗点表示。 (4)?误把however?,therefore?,?because?,?thus?等起联系作用的副词当成并列连词,导致写作中的逗号粘连(comma?splice)?错误。 〔错误〕She?thought?what?the?teacher?pointed?out?was?right?,?however?,?she?didn’t?care?for?that?.? 两个完整的句子或两个并列句之间不能一概用逗点点开,?可用句号、分号或在逗点后加并列连词(and?,?but?,?or?,?for?,?so?,?nor?,?yet)?等方法修改。故上例可改为:? 〔修改〕She?thought?what?the?teacher?pointed?out?was?right?.?However?,?she? didn’t?care?for?that?. 或 She?thought?what?the?teacher?pointed?out?was?right?;?however?,?