基于MATLAB的FIR和IIR数字滤波器的方案与仿真.docVIP

摘要 信息无处不在，但在步入网络信息时代之后，无论是信息的数量，还是其传 递的速度，都在快速地增加。信号是信息传播的载体，但在信号产生、发送以及 传播的过程中，都会不可避免地引入一些其他的信号成分。所以，在进行信号处 理前，就需要对所接收到的信号进行过滤，以去掉噪声干扰成分，从而得到有效 的信号成分。在电子系统中，这个任务通常由滤波器来完成。 本文主要内容是通过MATLAB工具设计两种数字滤波器的基本方法。这两种数字滤波器指无限脉冲响应(IIR， Infinite Impulse Response)滤波器和有限脉冲响应(FIR，Finite Impulse Response)滤波器，输入和输出信号皆为数字信号。以往传统的数字滤波器设计方法步骤繁琐，计算环节繁杂，一旦设计完成，无法便捷修改滤波特性曲线，十分不便，以上缺点极大的限制了数字滤波器的发展与应用。而MATLAB及其附带的工具箱功能十分强大，我们利用该软件设计上述的两种滤波器，可以做到随时把结果曲线与目标滤波特性曲线对比，从而做出改进，节省时间和工作量，优点十分显著。 本论文分为三部分:第一部分为绪论，简单介绍数字信号处理中滤波器的作用和前景；第二部分介绍FIR滤波器设计的原理，并且介绍使用MATLAB设计FIR数字滤波器的方法，同时在MATLAB下进行仿真；第三部分介绍IIR滤波器设计的原理，并且介绍使用MATLAB设计IIR数字滤波器的方法，同时在MATLAB下进行仿真。 关键词：MATLAB，FIR数字滤波器，IIR数字滤波器，设计，仿真 Abstract Information is everywhere, but after entering the era of network information, regardless of the amount of information, or its transfer speed, are increasing at a high speed. The carrier signal is the dissemination of information, but in the signal generation, transmission and dissemination process, will inevitably introduce some other signal component. So, in signal processing, we need on the received signal is filtered to remove noise, interference, so as to obtain the signal component effective. In electronic systems, this task is usually accomplished by filter. The main content of this paper is the basic method of using MATLAB tools to design two kinds of digital filters. These two kinds of digital filter with infinite impulse response (IIR, Infinite Impulse Response) filter and the finite impulse response (FIR, Finite Impulse Response) filter, the input and output signals are digital signals. The design method of traditional digital filter is complicated, complicated calculation process, once the design is complete, not convenient to modify the filter characteristic curve, very inconvenient, the above disadvantages greatly limits the development and application of digital filter. While MATLAB and its toolbox function with very strong, we use the software design of two kinds of filter above, can be