现实主义和自然主义(英语).ppt

Realist Painting The Realists (1800 - 1899) ?This is a group of international artists in Paris which begin to devise new methods of pictorial representation. They are focused on scientific concepts of vision and the study of optical effects of light. The Realists express both a taste for democracy and rejection of the inherent old artistic tradition. The Realists felt that painters should work from the life round them. Indisputable honest, the Realists desecrated rules of artistic propriety with their new realistic portrayals of modern life. Artists: Marie Rosalie Bonheur, John Singleton Copley, Gustave Courbet. Barbizon School Barbizon School (1840s - 1850s) ? 巴比松画派, 巴比松画派(法国19世纪中期浪漫主义风景画派因该派画家米勒等多住在法国北部巴比松村,故名), ? ??Barbizon School was a group of French landscape artists one of first formed outside the Academy. They were named after the Forest of Fonteblau near the village of Barbizon where they got away from the revolutionary Paris to produce their art. They attempted to paint nature directly; Constable who pioneered in making landscape painting a faithful depiction of nature was their model.The Barbizon painters helped establish landscape and motif of country life as vital subjects for French artists. They also cherished an interest in visible reality, which became increasingly important to the later artistic styles. Artists in the group are Theodore Rousseau ， Jean-Fran?ois Millet， Gustave Courbet Gustave Courbet古斯塔夫·库尔贝 Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet (10 June 1819 – 31 December 1877) was a French painter who led the Realist movement in 19th-century French painting. Though a prosperous farming family, anti-monarchical feelings prevailed in the household. “I am fifty years old and I have always lived in freedom; let me end my life free; when I am dead let this be said of me: He belonged to no school, to no church, to no institution, to no academy, least of all to any régime except the régime of liberty.” Gustave Courbet古斯塔夫·库尔贝 Gustave Courbet古斯塔夫·库尔贝