Transportation Technologies for Sustainabili-大学教材.pdfVIP

Transportation Technologies for Sustainability This volume collects selected topical entries from the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology (ESST). ESST addresses the grand challenges for science and engineering today. It provides unprecedented, peer-reviewed coverage of sustainability science and technology with contributions from nearly 1,000 of the world’s leading scientists and engineers, who write on more than 600 separate topics in 38 sections. ESST establishes a foundation for the research, engineering, and economics supporting the many sustainability and policy evaluations being performed in institutions worldwide. Editor-in-Chief ROBERT A. MEYERS, RAMTECH LIMITED, Larkspur, CA, USA Editorial Board RITA R. COLWELL, Distinguished University Professor, Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA ¨ ANDREAS FISCHLIN, Terrestrial Systems Ecology, ETH-Zentrum, Zurich, Switzerland DONALD A. GLASER, Glaser Lab, University of California, Berkeley, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA TIMOTHY L. KILLEEN, National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA, USA HAROLD W. KROTO, Francis Eppes Professor of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA AMORY B. LOVINS, Chairman Chief Scientist, Rocky Mountain Institute, Snowmass, USA LORD ROBERT MAY, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK DANIEL L. MCFADDEN, Director of Econometrics Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA THOMAS C. SCHELLING, 3105 Tydings Hall, Department of Economics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA CHARLES H. TOWNES, 557 Birge, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA EMILIO AMBASZ, Emilio Ambasz Associates, Inc., New York, NY, USA CLARE BRADSHAW, Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University, Stoc