英国历史与文化_英文版PPT课件.ppt

Old Stone Age, 70,000—8000 BC Middle Stone Age , 8300—3500 BC New Stone Age , 3500—2500 BC Bronze Age, 2500—700 BC (Iberians) Iron Age, 700—100 BC (Celts) The Dawning of English History 150 BC—50 Official title United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland British Isles including Great Britain, the whole of Ireland, all the offshore islands isolated from Europe by the English Channel and the North Sea once perceived as being on the edge of the world The seas around Britain also acted as barriers against attempted invasions: The Armada, 1588; the French, 1805, Nazi Germany, 1940 Generally mild and temperate weather allows farming to flourish across the country North: less fertile land, wetter South: fertile land, drier Hunters and gatherers Old Stone Age (Paleolithic), 70,000—8000 BC Middle Stone Age (Mesolithic), 8300—3500 BC New Stone Age (Neolithic), 3500—2500 BC New Stone Age , 3500—2500 BC Stonehenge 史前巨石阵 a monumental circular setting of large standing stones surrounded by an earthwork The Celts (Iron Age, 700—100 BC) from north-western Europe, ancestors of the highland Scots, the Irish and Welsh Gaelic 盖尔语 : language of Celtic origin Chapter 2 Roman Britain Roman Invasion (55BC-410AD) British recorded history begins with Roman invasion. first landing in 55 B.C. led by Julius Caesar complete control over the land in 43 A.D. leaving in around 410 A.D. What is the meaning of B.C. and A.D.? BC stands for before Christ AD stands for the Latin phrase “anno domini” means in the year of our Lord The purpose of the BC / AD dating system to make the birth of Jesus Christ the dividing point of world history Roman Invasion (55 BC - 410 AD) First landing in 55 B.C. led by Julius Caesar Reasons the lure of treasures to punish the Celts because of the help they rendered their fellow tribesmen in Gaul Results failed because of weather withdraw with hostages and prisoners Roman Invasion (55 BC - 410 AD) 2. Complete control over the land