教育分权改革与官僚体制之变貌本案例评析-教育研究与发展期刊.pdfVIP

教育分權改革與官僚體制之變貌：日本案例評析 教育分權改革與官僚體制之變貌：㈰本 案例評析 林雍智 ㈰本東京㈻藝大㈻教育㈻研究科博士候選㆟ 摘 要 近來在主要國家的教改方案中，有許多與教育的分權改革有關的項目。 日本自九○年代起在教育上經由分權運動的推動，將以往中央政府的權限下 放至地方層級，在此之中也擴大了學校自主經營的權限。由於原有的教育官 僚體制在分權的過程中，因為權力的轉移與利害關係者的參與而產生變化， 因此本文主旨乃在於透過對 、日本教育行政制度； 、近期教育分權改革狀 1 2 況； 、教育官僚制的相關概念； 、互動關係的改變；與 、組織架構的調 3 4 5 整，評析日本的教育分權改革與官僚體制的變貌情形，文後並依教育分權的 實施現況提出若干討論，做為可供參考之啟示。 關鍵詞：教育分權、官僚體制、學校本位管理 教育研究與發展期刊（第六卷第三期） 2010.09 1 Journal of Educational Research and Development 教育分權改革與官僚體制之變貌：日本案例評析 Decentralization Reform and Changing of Bureaucracy in Education: A Japan Case Yung-Chih Lin Doctoral Candidate, Division of Study on Education, Tokyo Gakugei University, JAPAN Abstract Recently, in major economies’ educational reform programs, there have been lots of subjects related to decentralization. Japan shifted power and authority from central government to local government by promoting decentralization in education field from late 1990s, and the autonomy in management was also expanded to school level. Because educational bureaucracy was changed by transferring power and stakeholders ’ participation within the processes of decentralization, the main purpose of this article is to analyze Japan’s decentralization reforms and cases of bureaucracy change through five issues, which are 1. the educational administration system; 2. recent decentralization reforms in education; 3. concepts of education bureaucracy; 4. change in relationship