施肥量对牛筋草与棉花竞争关系的影响.pdfVIP

棉 花学 报 Cotton Science 20 16, 28(3): 291―299 肥量对牛筋草与棉花竞争关系的影响 新玲 马小艳 姜伟丽 任相亮 马亚杰 莹莹 马艳* 国农业科学院棉花研究所/ 棉花生物学国家重点实验室袁河南安阳455000冤 摘要院在室外盆栽试验条件下袁棉花直播且每盆保留1 个单株袁设置3 个肥力处理 不施肥处理尧常规施肥尧倍 量施肥冤袁和5 个牛筋草密度处理 每盆0尧2尧4 尧8 和16 株冤袁研究在不同施肥量条件下牛筋草对棉花生长发育尧 产量及纤维品质的影响袁同时探索土壤肥力及杂草自身密度变化对牛筋草生长发育的影响遥 结果表明院与不施 肥处理相比袁常规肥量可以促进棉花的营养生长袁 加籽棉产量袁并能提高棉花对牛筋草的竞争力曰但当施肥 量 加至倍量时袁棉花的生长及产量指标与常规施肥量相比无明显优势袁过高的肥力反而促进牛筋草的生长 发育袁 强了牛筋草的竞争力遥 3 个肥力条件下牛筋草对棉花产量造成显著影响的竞争临界密度分别为每盆 4尧8 和2 株遥 施肥量及牛筋草密度的变化对棉花的纤维品质并未造成影响遥 随着土壤肥力的增加袁牛筋草的生 物量尧分蘖数和抽穗数均逐渐增加曰在同一肥力条件下袁随着牛筋草密度的增加袁牛筋草种内竞争加剧袁牛筋草 的株高尧分蘖数及单株生物量逐渐降低遥 关键词院施肥量曰棉花曰牛筋草曰密度曰竞争 中图分类号院S562 文献标志码院A 文章编号院1002-7807 20 16冤03-029 1-09 10.11963/issn.1002-7807.20 16030 13 Wang Xinling, Ma Xiaoyan, Jiang Weili, Ren Xiangliang, Ma Yaji e, Wang Yingying, Ma Yan* ( 455000, ) An outdoor pot experiment was performed to determine the effects of fertilizer level on competition between cotton ( ) and goosegrass ( ). Experiments were performed at three fertilizer levels (none, normal amount (bio-fertilizer 2 100 kg, compound fertilizer 600 kg and urea fertilizer 300 kg per hectare), double amount) and five weed densities (0, 2, 4, 8, and 16 plants per pot). Results revealed normal fertilizer treatment promoted cotton vegetative growth and yield of seed cotton due to increasing its competitiveness to goosegrass compared with no-fertilizer treatment. When the amount of fertilizer was doubled, cotton growth and yield indices were not evidently increased, instead, goosegrass growth and its com- petitiveness was promoted. Under the three fertilizer levels, the density thresholds of goosegrass at which cotton yield was signif- icantly reduced were 4, 8, and 2 plants per pot, respectively. Cotton fiber quality indexes were unaffected by weed competition and