机车自动换档系统毕业设计.doc

毕业设计（论文） 基于单片机的机车自动换挡设计 Design of Locomotive Automatic Commutating System With SCM 长 春 工 程 学 院  摘 要 在科技不断发展的今天，电力行业也逐步走向自动化。机车自动换档技术已成为自动化热门技术之一，基于单片机应用的机车自动换档技术具有相当地位的研究价值，该设计可以弥补传统机车换档技术在安全、节能、环保、等方面的问题。在这个设计设计主要完成以89C51单片机为核心的机车自动换档系统,该系统包括速度测量、脉冲整形、电压比较和输出控制。论文主要介绍了基于单片机实现机车换档的基本方法，速度传感器的应用，及信号采集比较的基本原理和实现方法,重点介绍了基于MCS-51单片机的用软件产生控制信号的途径，并介绍了一种通过采用软件实时处理并调节机车运行状态的方法。对于机车自动换档控制系统的实现提供了一种有效的途径。借助这套系统既可以减少司机经常换档的劳动强度，又可以使机车大部分时间运行在比较合理的档位，这对节省油料和保护环境都有比较好的效果。 关键词 单片机 自动换档 机车 速度传感器 自动控制 Abstract： the develop of science the technology , electric power industry is also trends to automation, locomotive automatic commutating technology has become one of the popular automation technology, locomotive automatic commutating technology has a certain value of reserch on the position of the design. it can fetch up for the issues of traditional locomotive commutating in energy-saving and environmental protection or security .This design be mainly Composed by 89C51 microcontroller as the core of the locomotive automatic commutating system, This system includes the measurement of speed, pulse-shaping, the comparing of voltage and output to control. This paper introduces a kind of method of locomotive automatic commutating based on SCM. Showing some relative application of speed-sensor, and the basic principles and methods about signal sampling and comparing ,It focus on the way of using the software produce a control-signal, meanwhile introduces a method of regulating locomotive stave with the real-time software processing and regulate the state of operation of locomotive, providing an effective way to locomotive automatic commutating control system. this system can reduce drivers’s labor intensity of the regular work, the locomotive can run at the most of time in a more reasonable shift, which can save fuel and have relatively good results to protect the environment. Keyword: Microcontroller Automatic commutating Locomotive Speed sensor