临床医学英语幻灯Unit 2new.pptVIP

About This Term Requirements: 1. Full class attendance and active involvement 2. Continued attention on word-formation 3. More careful study of texts 4. Persistence in after-class reading and writing 5. A notebook for medical English learning Unit 2 Osteoporosis Questions to consider： 1. What is osteoporosis ? 2. What are the possible causes and general symptoms ? 3. How to prevent osteoporosis ? Osteoporosis Overview The word osteoporosis literally means porous bones. It occurs when bones lose an excessive amount of their protein and mineral content, particularly calcium. Over time, bone mass, and therefore bone strength, is decreased. As a result, the bones become fragile and break easily. Even a sneeze or a sudden movement may be enough to break a bone in someone with severe osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by progressive loss of bone density, thinning of bone tissue and increased vulnerability to fractures. Osteoporosis may result from disease, dietary or hormonal deficiency or advanced age. Regular exercise and vitamin and mineral supplements can reduce and even reverse loss of bone density. Osteoporosis is caused by decreased bone mass resulting in fragile bones. Progressive osteoporosis may cause loss of height, stooped posture, a humpback, and severe pain. It commonly affects the thoracic and thoracolumbar regions of the spine and may cause debilitating pain. The structural deterioration of bone increases the risk for fracture in the hip, spine, and wrist. There are no symptoms in the early stages of the disease. ?Symptoms occurring late in the disease include: Joint pain and tenderness Swelling Warmth over the affected joint A number of factors increase the risk of developing osteoporosis. They include: Age. Osteoporosis is more likely as people grow older and their bones lose strength. Sex. Women are more l