Native American Tobacco Pipes - Mac OS X Server：美国土著烟管- MAC OS X服务器.pptVIP

Native American Tobacco Pipes By: Shayan Mondegari Derrick Vu Peace Pipe A peace pipe, also called a calumet or medicine pipe, is a ceremonial smoking pipe used by many Native American tribes, traditionally as a token of peace. It was used as a major means of communication with the spiritual world. The pipe was actually used in both of war and peace. A leader of a war expedition carried a pipe as a symbol of his leadership and his responsibilities for members of his party. During ceremonies, the pipe was smoked to ask for protection and success and to seek guidance on the expedition. Pipe c