专题08 动词的时态和语态_知识精讲-2018届江苏高考英语单项填空讲练测精品系列_教案.docVIP

2018届江苏高考英语单项填空讲练测08(动词的时态和语态)──知识精讲 英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或常用的有十二种。 一、时态和语态的构成 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does,(连系动词is/am/are) am/is/are done 一般过去时 did,(连系动词was/were) was/were done 一般将来时 shall/will do is/am/are going to do is/am/are(about)to do shall/will be done is/am/are going to be done is/am/are(about)to be done 现在进行时 is/am/are doing am/is/are being done 过去进行时 was/were doing was/were being done 将来进行时 will be doing / 现在完成时 has/have done have/has been done 过去完成时 had done had been done 将来完成时 shall/will have done will/shall have been done 现在完成进行时 has/have been doing / 过去完成进行时 had been doing / 过去将来时 would/should do was/were going to do was/were(about)to do would/should be done was/were going to be done was/were(about)to be done 二、时态的基本用法和重点提醒 (一)一般时态 1.一般现在时 基本用法：表示现在的习惯，经常发生的动作、存在的状态以及客观事实、普遍真理或自然现象。 On Monday morning it usually _______ me an hour drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles. A. takes B. is taking C. took D. will take 【答案与解析】A。 由题干中on Sunday mornings 和 usually可知每个星期天早晨都是这样，所以指 的是经常发生的动作，用一般现在时。句意：尽管实际距离只有20英里，但是每个星期一早上我开车去上班却要花费一个小时的时间。 The palace caught fires three times in the last century, and little of the original building _______ now. A. remains B. is remained C. is remaining D. has been remained 【答案与解析】A。 Planning so far ahead _______ no sense—so many things will have changed by next year. A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made 【答案与解析】C。 前句表示现在的情况make no sense，后句表示到将来会产生的后果will have changed。一般现在时表 示主语的特征或状态。is making和has made表示具体的动作过程，故不选。因此选C。句意：计划 这么超前毫无意义──到明年许多事情会发生变化的。 ④“Life is like walking in the snow”, Granny used to say, “because every step _______” A. has shown B. is showing C. shows D. showed 【答案与解析】C。 show意为“显示，显现”，此处祖母说的是一个客观事实，不要受“Granny used to say”的影响， 应该用一般现在时。句意：祖母过去常说“人生就像在雪中行走一样，因为每一步都会留下痕迹”。 注意：即使主句用的是一般过去时，从句的(叙述客观真理的)谓语动词还是要用一般现在时The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.地理老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。 重点提醒： ▲在时间、条件和让