Physical , Chemical , and Biological Properties of MSW：物理，化学和生物特性，垃圾.ppt

Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties of MSW Why these need to be known? “ To develop and design integrated solid waste management systems.” Physical Properties of MSW Specific weight Moisture content Particle size and size distribution Field capacity Compacted waste porosity Specific Weight Defined as weight of a material per unit volume (lb/yd3 or kg/m3) Table 4-1 shows typical specific weight and moisture content data for SW. MSWs in compaction vehicles vary from 300 to 700 lb/yd3; a typical value is about 500 lb/yd3 (296.65 kg/m3) Moisture Content The wet-weight moisture content; Particle Size and Size Distribution Equations 4-2 to 4-6 Figure 4-1 to 4-4 Field Capacity Total amount of moisture that can be retained in a waste sample subject to the downward pull of gravity Important in determining the formation of leachate in landfills as water in excess of the field capacity will be released as leachate Typical value for the uncompacted commingled wastes is 50-60% Permeability of Compacted Waste Governs the movement of liquids and gases in a landfill Chemical Properties of MSW The four most important properties if solid wastes are to be used as fuel are; Proximate analysis Fusing point of ash Ultimate analysis (major elements) Energy content Proximate Analysis Moisture (moisture lost after heated at 105°C for 1 hr.) Volatile combustible matter (additional loss of weight after ignited at 950°C) Fixed carbon (combustible residue after volatile matter removal) Ash (weight of residue after combustion) Fusing Point of Ash “Temperature at which the ash resulting from the burning of waste will form a solid by fusion and agglomeration” Ultimate Analysis of Solid Waste Components Involves the determination of the percent C, H, O, N, S, and ash Due to the chlorinated compounds emission, the determination of halogens is often included. Moreover, they are used to define the proper mix of waste materials to achieve suitable C/N ratios for biological conversion process