微观经济学原理曼昆英文.ppt

* * * * * * * * * TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS * FYI: How to Read Your Textbook 7. Teach someone. The best way to learn something is to teach it to someone else, such as a study partner or friend. 8. Don’t skip the real world examples.Read the Case Studies and “In The News” boxes in each chapter. They will help you see how the new terms, concepts, models, and graphs apply to the real world. As you read the newspaper or watch the evening news, see if you can find the connections with what you’re learning in the textbook. CHAPTER SUMMARY The principles of decision making are: People face tradeoffs. The cost of any action is measured in terms of foregone opportunities. Rational people make decisions by comparing marginal costs and marginal benefits. People respond to incentives. * CHAPTER SUMMARY The principles of interactions among people are: Trade can be mutually beneficial. Markets are usually a good way of coordinating trade. Govt can potentially improve market outcomes if there is a market failure or if the market outcome is inequitable. * CHAPTER SUMMARY The principles of the economy as a whole are: Productivity is the ultimate source of living standards. Money growth is the ultimate source of inflation. Society faces a short-run tradeoff between inflation and unemployment. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS ? 2009 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning, all rights reserved C H A P T E R Ten Principles of Economics Economics P R I N C I P L E S O F N. Gregory Mankiw 1 In this chapter, look for the answers to these questions: What kinds of questions does economics address? What are the principles of how people make decisions? What are the principles of how people interact? What are the principles of how the economy as a whole works? * TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS * What Economics Is All About Scarcity: the limited nature of society’s resources E