21野草.docVIP

汉英翻译（下）教案 主讲：魏志成教授 第1单元 I 提示原文作者是中国现代作家夏衍（1900-1995），本文选自乔萍、翟淑蓉、宋洪玮编，1999年《散文佳作108篇》（汉英/英汉对照），南京：译林出版社。 1 译文1为张培基译，选自张培基译注，1999年《英译中国现代散文选》（汉英对照），上海：上海外语教育出版社。 译文2为刘士聪译，选自乔萍、翟淑蓉、宋洪玮编，1999年《散文佳作108篇》（汉英/英汉对照），南京：译林出版社。 1 篇章 《野草》是一篇议论文，寓意深刻，哲理性强。作者从一粒种子的生长过程中发现了不可抗拒的力量，从而提炼出一种哲理性很强的思想；同时通过对种子、野草和生命力的歌颂和肯定，也表达了作者对黑暗现实重压和蔑视，对民众（野草）力量的信赖。 2 句式汉语的复句，从结构上来讲，可以分为“从主结构”和“主从结构”其中“从主结构”与英语掉尾句（Periodic Sentence）主从结构（Loose Sentence）有。“从主结构”英语掉尾句一种比较正式的书面语体，主从结构复句松散句主从结构多向状语从句 3 语义 词语以共核词为主，但书面用语语篇入手， 4 翻译策略 原文风格的保留，除了在措辞方面需要斟酌之外，翻译语言中的句式对应也不该忽视，所以在II 译法要点1.1顺译：对话格式 1.2顺译：OSV 1.3 变通：陈述方式转换 1.4变通：“把”字句 1.5 变通：词性转换（动词→介词） 1.6 “从主结构复句”与掉尾句 1.7 变通：渐进句 1.8 变通：语态转换（主动→被动） 1.9不妥的转换：“把”字句 1.10顺译：语用隐含 1.11 并列复句与松散句 1.12 顺译：多向状语从句 1.13顺译：强调 III 原文与译文1 Wild Grass There is a story which goes like this: Someone asked,”What has the greatest strength on earth? ”The answers varied. Some said,”The elephant.”Some said,”The lion.”Some said jokingly,”The fierce-browed guardian gods to Buddha.” But nobody of course could tell how strong the guardian gods were supposed to be. All the answers turned out to be wide of the mark. The mightiest thing on earth is the seed of a plant. The great strength which a seed is capable of is simply matchless. Here goes another story: The bones forming a human skull are so tightly and perfectly fit together that all physiologists or anatomists, hard as they try, are powerless to take them apart without damaging them. It so happened that, at the suggestion of someone, some seeds of a plant were placed inside a human skull awaiting dissection before heat and moisture were applied to cause them to grow. Once they started to grow, they let loose a terrific force to separate all the skull bones, leaving each of them intact. This would have been impossible with any mechanical power under the sun. See, how powerful the seeds of