医学统计学（扬州大学）Analysis of Variance.pptVIP

Analysis of Variance Chapter 15 15.1 Introduction Analysis of variance compares two or more populations of interval data. Specifically, we are interested in determining whether differences exist between the population means. The procedure works by analyzing the sample variance. 15.2 One Way Analysis of Variance The analysis of variance is a procedure that tests to determine whether differences exits between two or more population means. To do this, the technique analyzes the sample variances One Way Analysis of Variance Example 15.1 An apple juice manufacturer is planning to develop a new product -a liquid concentrate. The marketing manager has to decide how to market the new product. Three strategies are considered Emphasize convenience of using the product. Emphasize the quality of the product. Emphasize the product’s low price. One Way Analysis of Variance Example 15.1 - continued An experiment was conducted as follows: In three cities an advertisement campaign was launched . In each city only one of the three characteristics (convenience, quality, and price) was emphasized. The weekly sales were recorded for twenty weeks following the beginning of the campaigns. One Way Analysis of Variance See file Xm15 -01 One Way Analysis of Variance Solution The data are interval The problem objective is to compare sales in three cities. We hypothesize that the three population means are equal Defining the Hypotheses Notation Terminology In the context of this problem… Response variable – weekly salesResponses – actual sale valuesExperimental unit – weeks in the three cities when we record sales figures.Factor – the criterion by which we classify the populations (the treatments). In this problems the factor is the marketing strategy. Factor levels – the population (treatment) names. In this problem factor levels are the marketing trategies. Two types of variability are employed when testing for the equality of the population means The rationale behind the te