变态心理学 Durand Abnormal Psychology chapter13.pptVIP

Chapter 13Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders Nature of Schizophrenia and Psychosis: An Overview Schizophrenia vs. Psychosis Psychosis – Broad term (e.g., hallucinations, delusions) Schizophrenia – A type of psychosis Psychosis and Schizophrenia are heterogeneous Disturbed thought, emotion, behavior Nature of Schizophrenia andPsychosis: History and Current Thinking Historical Background Benedict Morel – Introduced dementia praecox Demence (loss of mind) precoce (early, premature) Emil Kraepelin – Used the term dementia praecox Focused on subtypes of schizophrenia Eugen Bleuler – Introduced the term “schizophrenia” “Splitting of the mind” Impact of Early Ideas on Current Thinking Many of Kraeplin and Bleuler’s ideas are still with us Understanding onset and course considered important Table 13.1 Schizophrenia: The “Positive” Symptom Cluster The Positive Symptoms Active manifestations of abnormal behavior Distortions of normal behavior Delusions: The Basic Feature of Madness Gross misrepresentations of reality Include delusions of grandeur or persecution Hallucinations: Auditory and/or Visual Experience of sensory events without environmental input Can involve all senses Findings from SPECT studies Etta Schizophrenia: The “Positive” Symptom Cluster (cont.) Schizophrenia: The “Negative” Symptom Cluster The Negative Symptoms Absence or insufficiency of normal behavior Spectrum of Negative Symptoms Avolition (or apathy) – Lack of initiation and persistence Alogia – Relative absence of speech Anhedonia – Lack of pleasure, or indifference Affective flattening – Little expressed emotion Schizophrenia: The “Disorganized” Symptom Cluster The Disorganized Symptoms Include severe and excess disruptions Speech, behavior, and emotion Nature of Disorganized Speech Cognitive slippage – Illogical and incoherent speech Tangentiality – “Going off on a tangent” Loose associations – Conversation in unrelated directions Nature of Disorganized Affect In