大学英语四、六级翻译试题语法解析.docVIP

大学英语四、六级翻译试题语法解析 第一讲 虚拟语气 虚拟语气的考点可以归纳如下： 1. (should)+动词原形的情形(已考) 2. if或but for等引导的条件句(已考) 3. wish, if only, it is time…的用法 (should)+动词原形的情形 1．在动词suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist, require, decide, promise, resolve, argue, maintain, determine, recommend, advise, advocate, persuade等表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”动词后的宾语从句中。 　　She insisted that the seats (should) be booked in advance. 她坚持要预定座位。 　　He advised that the doctor (should) be sent for. 他劝我们派人请医生。 　　注：如果上述动词作其他意思解释，或者说话者认为所讲的事是事实，要用陈述语气。 　　When asked why he declined our invitation, he suggested that he was not on good terms with the director. 　　真题重现 　　【CET-4:2006.6】The professor required that __________________(我们交研究报告)。 　　参考答案：we hand in our research report(s) 2．在advice, demand, order, necessity, resolution, decision, proposal, requirement, suggestion, idea, recommendation, request, plan1．动词对应的名词等名词后的主语从句或表语从句中 　　He issued the order that the troops (should) withdraw at once. 他命令部队马上撤退。 3．在形容词important, necessary, imperative, natural, urgent, essential, appropriate, desirable, vital, advisable, preferable, incredible以及短语no wonder, a pity等可以构成“It is +形容词（名词）+that”句型中。 　　It is necessary that some immediate effort (should) be made. 必须立即采取行动。 　　真题重现 　　【CET-6:2007.6】It is absolutely unfair that these children ______(被剥夺了受教育的权利).　　参考答案：These children (should) be deprived of the right to receive education. 　　if或but for等引导的条件句 if引导虚拟条件句的用法 条件从句 结果主句 与现在事实相反 动词过去式(be动词用were) would+动词原形 与过去事实相反 had+过去分词(had done) would have done 与将来事实相反 一般过去时/were+不定式/should+动词原形 would(should)+动词原形 He wouldn’t feel so cold if he were indoors.他要是在室内就不会觉得冷了。（与现在事实相反） 　　I am sorry I am very busy just now. If I had time, I would certainly go to the movies with you. 　　我很抱歉，现在很忙。如果有时间，我肯定陪你去看电影了。（与现在事实相反） 　　The conference wouldn’t have been so successful if we hadn’t made adequate preparations. 　　如果我们不做充分的准备，会议是不会开得这么成功的。（与过去事实相反） 　　If it snowed/were to snow/should snow tomorrow, I should (would) stay at home. but for=if