名词+翻译+词汇.docVIP

名词 1 专有名词 (人名,地名.其他) Mr Zhang Bill Gates Thomas Edison Dr. Smith ….. Italy Beijing the Summer Palace the Great Wall…… July New Years’ Day Children’s Day (大写第一个字母) 2 可数与不可数名词 名词复数的变化: apple—apples bag—bags Box—boxes bus—buses brush—brushes Piano—pianos photo—photos (tomato—tomatoes/Negro/potato/hero) Leaf—leaves knife—knives life half thief self wolf ( chief—chiefs proof—proofs belief—beliefs ) Baby—babies country—countries city—cities dictionary—dictionaries 名词复数的不规则变化: Foot—feet man—men mouse—mice tooth—teeth policeman—policemen Ox—oxen child—children (deer—deer fish—fish sheep—sheep/means—means ) 某国人单复数 Chinese Japanese/ Swiss—swiss 词尾加S (German—Germans American—Americans Roman—Romans Australian—Australians Indian—Indians ussian—Russians) 变man 为men (Frenchman—Frenchmen Englishman—Englishmen) A man teacher— men teachers a woman doctor--- women doctors 3 不可数名词的数: ( information furniture clothing knowledge bread homework damage food hair soil population water) 借助单位词表示数量 A cup of tea a glass of water two pieces of news a pair of trousers five bags of rice 一、前缀in-, im-, il-, ir-可放在一些形容词前表否定　　1. 作为否定词缀in-通常放在以a, c, d, e, f, i, n, o, p, s, t, v为首字母的形容词前,例如:　　articulate →inarticulate(不善于表达的)　　considerate →inconsiderate(不体谅别人的)　　credible →incredible(难以置信的)　　discreet →indiscreet(不慎重的)　　exact →inexact(不准确的)　　frequent →infrequent(不常发生的)　　2. 作为否定词缀im-通常只放在以m, p为首字母的形容词前,例如:　　mature →immature(不成熟的)　　measurable →immeasurable(不可估量的)　　partial →impartial(不偏不倚的)　　patient →impatient(不耐烦的)　　3. 作为否定词缀il-通常只放在以l为首字母的形容词前,例如:　　legal →illegal(不合法的)　　legible →illegible(无法辨识的)　　4. 作为否定词缀ir-通常只放在以r为首字母的形容词前,例如:　　relevant →irrelevant(不相关的)　　reverent →irreverent(不恭的)　　二、前缀un-也可放在一些形容词前表否定作为否定词缀un-通常放在以k, l, p, r, s, t, u, v, w, y等为首字母的形容词前,例如:　　wise →unwise(不明智的)　　forgettable →unfo