上海牛津英语(第二课)初二.docVIP

第二讲 2012年秋季班八年级英语讲义（教师版） 范围：八年级第一学期主要词汇、句型、语法及练习 A.《新世纪》Unit One, Lesson One: Computers B.《牛津上海版》Unit One: Penfriends 说明：音标与词性缩写统一为牛津版格式 一、Words 单词 A. 1. allow /??lau/ vt. 允许，准许 If someone is allowed to do something, it is all right for them to do it and they will not get into trouble. e.g. The children are not allowed to watch violent TV programmes. Usage: 词组：allow sb. to do sth. 2. relax /r??l?ks/ vi. vt.放松；休息 If you relax or if something relaxes you, you feel more calm and less worried or tense. When a part of your body relaxes, or when you relax it, it becomes less stiff or firm. e.g. I ought to relax and stop worrying about it. Massage is used to relax muscles, relieve stress and improve the circulation. Usage: 派生词：relaxing（adj. 令人放松的），relaxed（adj. 放松的） 3. advantage /?d?vɑ:nt?d?/ n. 优势；有利条件；优点 An advantage is something that puts you in a better position than other people.? Advantage is the state of being in a better position than others who are competing against you.? An advantage is a way in which one thing is better than another. e.g. Having a driving licence can be a big advantage. Men have created a social and economic position of advantage for themselves over women. The great advantage of home-grown oranges is their magnificent flavour. Usage: 常见搭配：to one’s advantage（对……有利），have the advantage over sb.（胜过，优于），take advantage of sth.（利用），take advantage of sb.（占……便宜；欺骗） 派生词：disadvantage（n. 不利条件；缺点；障碍） 4. invention /?n?ven??n/ n. 发明，创造；发明物 Invention is the act of inventing something that has never been made or used before. An invention is a machine, device, or system that has been invented by someone.? e.g. Necessity is the mother of invention. Radio is a useful invention. Usage: 派生词：invent（vt. 发明），inventor（n. 发明家） 5. connect /k??nekt/ vi vt. 连接 If something or someone connects one thing to another, or if one thing connects to another, the two things are joined together. e.g. We will have to connect these wires to make the radio work.. Usage