百年战争解说稿.docVIP

One Hundred Years War (War) refers to Britain and France, and later to join the Burgundy, in 1337-1453 Years of War, is the worlds longest War, off and on for 116 Years, and one Hundred Years of War, the development of a number of new tactics and weapons. 12世纪中，英国金雀花王朝在法国占有广阔领地，12～13世纪，法国国王逐渐夺回部分被英王占领的土地。14世纪初，英国仍占据法国南部阿基坦地区，成为法国政治统一的最大障碍。双方还争夺富庶的佛兰德地区。佛兰德毛纺业主要依赖英国的原料，英国则从羊毛贸易中获取巨利。1328年，法国占领佛兰德，英王爱德华三世（1327～1377在位）下令禁止羊毛出口。佛兰德因失去原料来源，转而支持英国的百年战争中战场上的法军反法政策。战争的导火线主要是王位继承问题。1328年，查理四世去世，法国卡佩王朝绝嗣，支裔瓦卢瓦王朝的腓力六世继位，英王爱德华三世以法王查理四世外甥的资格，与腓力六世争夺王位，触发战争。 In the 12th century, the British plantagenet in France has vast territory, 12 ~ the 13th century, the French king gradually regain part is king occupied land. 14 century, Britain is still occupy southern France aquitaine area, become the biggest obstacle to the French political unity. The two sides also compete for rich Flanders area. Flanders woolen textile mainly depends on Britains raw material, the British from wool trade for the giant. In 1328, the French occupation Flanders, whose king (1327 ~ 1377 in) banned export wool. Flanders lose the sources of the raw materials, to support the British during the war of one hundred battlefield French reversal policy. War fuse is mainly the throne inheritance problem. In 1328, Charles iv died, the French capetian JueSi, branch African valois of Philip vi succession, whose king Charles iv to his nephews qualifications, and Philip vi for the throne, triggering war. 　　1337年11月英王爱德华三世率军进攻法国，战争开始。1340年，英法两国发生海战，法军战败。英国控制了英吉利海峡。1346 年8月，双方在克雷西会战，英军大捷，乘胜进入诺曼底。1347年攻占法国的加来。1356年9 月，普瓦提埃之战，法军大败，法王约翰二世（1350～1364在位）及众臣被俘，英借此向法国索取巨额赎金。1360年法国王子查理被迫签订屈辱的《布勒塔尼和约》，把加来及法国西南部大片领土割让给英国。 In November 1337 the king whose rate army offensive France, the start of the war. In 1340, England and France happen naval battle, the French defeated. British control the English channel. In August 1346, both sides in the clay west battles, the British great victory, follow up a victory in Normandy. In 1347, Frenc