6sigma统计概念培训.ppt

Let m1 = mean weight losses for people taking low-fat diet Let m2 = mean weight losses for people taking other diet Form 95% confidence on the difference in mean for both diet types using X1 和X2 as estimators: Solution Assuming the 2 samples are independent, the 标准偏差 of the difference between the sample means (or the standard error of the statistics) is: Assumptions The 2 samples are randomly selected in an independent manner from the 2 populations. The sample size n1 和n2 are large enough so that both sample means have near normal sampling distributions. S1 和S2 提供good estimate for s1 和s2, hence the 2 population variances does not need to be equal. (i.e. n ? 30) H0 : (m1 – m2) = 0 (i.e. m1 = m2) H1 : (m1 – m2) 0 (i.e. 2 tails test, m1 m2) For 2 tails test, Z value for 95% confidence level is Z(a/2) = 1.96 std error Test Statistics: Solution (con’t) Since Z = 3.05 is in the rejection area, we will reject null hypothesis H0, 和conclude on alternate hypothesis H1 that both population means are significantly different. From the data, the low fat diet is more effective to reduce weight than the other diet. 0 +1.96 std err -1.96 std err Z = 3.05 Comparing 2 Population Proportions with Large Samples Joan is a HR officer who wants to compare the preference of employee towards the new implemented employee stock purchase plan in Singapore to those in Canada. Such a comparison would help her to determine if there is a need to either divide or concentrate the campaign efforts in these two sites. Joan randomly chose 1000 employees from each site, 和interview each to learn about the employees’ likelihood in signing up for the stock purchase plan. Her objective is to use this sample information to make inference about the difference (p1 – p2) between the proportion p1 of all employee in Singapore who are likely to sign up 和p2 of all employee in Canada who are likely to sign up. The two samples represent independent binomial experiments, 和the number of employee in eac