延续-终止动词.ppt

延续性动词和短暂性动词 延续性动词--持续性动词 表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响 eg,learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay,etc. 短暂性动词 非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词,表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束. eg,open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy, die，etc. 延续性动词的用法特征 1.可用于现在完成时，与表示段时间的状语连。如：for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。 自从我来到这儿就学英语了。 2.不能与表示短暂时间的点时间”状语连用。 如：It raind at eight yesterday morning. 延续性动词的用法特征 For example -When did you get to know Jack? -Two years ago. -Then youve known each other for more than two years. -Thats right. 终止性动词的用法特征 1.用来表示某一动作完成，因此可用于现在完成时。 如：火车到了。 你加入电脑小组了吗？ 终止性动词的用法特征 2.表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，肯定句中不与表示一段时间状语连用，只和点时间状语连用。 (1)他死了三年了。 He has died for three years. He has been dead for three years. He died three years ago. It is three years since he died. Three years has passed since he died. 终止性动词的用法特征 (2)他来这儿五天了。 终止性动词的用法特征 否定的终止性动词可与表示时间段的时间状语连用。 例:我三周没收到他来信了。 我好几年没有离开这里了 短暂性动词 finish → open sth → get up→ get to/ arrive/reach → go (get) out → put on→ get married→ I have learned English since I came here. rain为延续性动词，而at eight表示点时间，前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动作，可以借助come, begin, get等终止性动词来表示。 (误) It began to rain at eight yesterday morning. The train has arrived. Have you joined the computer group? 误 正 正 正 正 He has been here for five days. He came here five days ago. It is five days since he came here. Five days has passed since he came here. I havent heard from him for 3 weeks. I havent left here for a few years. 延续性动词 be over keep sth open be up be (in) be out wear be married