足踝检查.pptVIP

足与踝部检查 内蒙古医学院第二附属医院 Anterior tibial artery It from the popliteai artery at the lower border of popliteus. It passes forwards above the interosseous membrane, and turns downwards on the anterior surface of that membrane with the deep peroneal nerve. It becomes the dorsalis pedis artery, midway between the malleoli. The anterior tibial veins are closely applied to the artery. Deep peroneal nerve It arises from the common peroneal nerve between the neck of the fibula and the peroneus longus muscle It descends in the anterior compartment of the leg with the anterior tibial vessels. It supplies all the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg and extensor digitorum brevis. If the nerve is destroyed, dorsiflexion of the ankle and extension of the metatarsophalangeal joints is lost, and inversion is weakened the condition known as ‘drop foot’. 解 剖 概 要 构成：胫骨远端、腓骨远端、距骨体。 外踝，内踝，后踝： 踝关节背屈位时稳定；跖屈位时，间隙增大，活动度增大，不稳定，易骨折。 活动范围：背屈20°－30°，跖屈45 °－50 °，内翻30 °，外翻30 °－35 °。 Dorsalis pedis artery It begins on the anterior surface of the ankle joint and runs with the deep peroneal nerve it divides into the arcuate artery and the first dorsal metatarsal artery at the proximal end of the first intermetatarsal space. On the dorsum of the foot it lies on the tarsal bones and is readily palpated against them between the tendons of extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus. Ligments Medial lig.内侧韧带 Lateral lig.外侧韧带 Anterior talofibular lig. 距腓前韧带 Calcaneofibular lig.跟腓韧带 Posterior talofibular lig. 距腓后韧带 Movements: dosiflexion (extension) and plantar flexion (flexion); when the ankle joint is fully plantar flexed, small amounts of abduction, and adduction are possible Intertarsal joints跗骨间关节 Talocalcaneal joint 距跟关节 Talocalcaneonavicular joint距跟舟关节 Calcaneocuboid joint 跟骰关节 Tarsometatarsal joints 跗跖关节 Intermetatarsal joints 跖骨间关节 Metatarsophalangeal joints 跖趾关节 Interphalangeal joints 趾间关节 Arches of foot 足弓 Medi