液相激光烧蚀论文：PLA法在液相中制备纳米ZnO及结构性能表征.docVIP

液相激光烧蚀论文：PLA法在液相中制备纳米ZnO及结构性能表征 【中文摘要】本文采用液相激光烧蚀(PLA)这种新颖的方法来制备纳米ZnO。主要研究了不同溶液环境、不同时间、不同浓度溶液对生成纳米ZnO的结构、形貌、尺寸、光学性能以及光致发光性能的影响,并探讨了纳米ZnO的形成机理和缺陷发光机理。论文主要内容可归纳如下:1.采用PLA法在去离子水中烧蚀Zn靶合成了ZnO纳米颗粒。烧蚀2 h和4 h得到的ZnO纳米粒子平均粒径分别为43 nm和19 nm,随着烧蚀时间的增加,所得纳米粒子的平均粒径减小,是因为激光长时间作用能使较大的纳米粒子变小。2.在0.005 mol/L的十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)溶液中合成了Zn/ZnO核壳结构的纳米粒子。这种核壳结构的形成是由于SDS的包裹作用。部分从Zn靶脱落的Zn原子形成Zn团簇,被SDS分子的亲水基吸附,在Zn团簇表面形成了SDS双分子层,抑制了Zn团簇与液相介质的进一步反应,而未被SDS包裹的Zn与液相介质相互作用形成了ZnO,并吸附在Zn团簇的表面。3.在不同浓度的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)溶液中生成了不均匀薄片状纳米ZnO结构,认为薄片上较厚处是由更小的ZnO晶粒聚集自组装而成。在这些自组装的过程中,这些晶粒通过自我附着和晶格融合或者叫做晶体界面处的非完美定向附着生长成较大的纳米结构。CTAB分子与晶粒表面静电相互排斥作用导致了晶粒通过自组装形成了这种不均匀薄片状纳米ZnO结构。4.对在不同浓度的CTAB溶液中生成的纳米ZnO的缺陷发光进行了探讨。认为在411 nm处的紫光峰时由于锌间隙存在引起的,在450 nm到436 nm处的蓝色发光峰是由衍生的锌间隙引起的,在558 nm处的绿色发光峰是由于氧空位的存在引起的。研究了不同浓度CTAB对纳米ZnO中缺陷的影响,认为CTAB浓度在临界胶束浓度附近时对锌间隙的钝化效果最佳,但没有对氧空位没有产生影响。蓝色发光峰从450 nm蓝移到436 nm是因为随着CTAB浓度增加,Zni不断增加,而Zni(?)、Zni(?)(?)也在不断增加的引起的。 【英文摘要】We applied a novel method called pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLA) to synthesize nano-ZnO. We mainly studied the effects of different solution, ablation time and solution concentration on structure, morphololy, size, optical and photoluminescence properties of nano-ZnO, and also investigated formation mechanism and defect photoluminescence. The results can be summarized as follows:1. ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by ablating zinc target in deionized water. The mean diameters of ZnO nanoparticles are 43 nm and 19 nm, respectively, after ablating the zinc target for 2 and 4 hours in deionized water. The longer-time ablation may lead to the interaction of the ablating laser beam with the ZnO nanoparticles, resulting in the decrease of the mean diameter of ZnO nanoparticles.2. Zn/ZnO core/shell structured nanoparticles were synthesized by ablating zinc target in 0.005mol/L sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution. The formation of this core/shell structured nanoparticles was due to the enwrapping of SDS to part of the Zn clusters. The bilayer of SDS molecules which could inhibit reaction b