台湾海峡地形地质特征及其通道工程选线.docx

台湾海峡地形地质特征及其通道工程选线李学杰1，张以诚2，冯志强1，郭连生1，周昌范1，万荣胜11.广州海洋地质调查局，广州5100752.中国矿业联合会，北京100081摘要台湾海峡地处太平洋板块和欧亚板块碰撞带的前沿，地壳活动强烈，地震也时有发生。海峡主体属台西盆地，西界为滨海断裂带，与闽浙隆起相邻。海峡中部主要断裂，包括晋江凹陷东界主断层（F2）和九龙江凹陷东南界主断层（F3），可能在晚上新世，甚至第四纪仍有活动。海峡南北部地形明显不同，北部地形走向为NE向，总体呈槽隆相间的格局，最大水深约90m；南部相对平坦，地形走向NS-NNW，最大水深68~70m。从拟选通道线附近的地震剖面来看，A、B、C三线附近海底均有断层，其中A、B两线F2断层明显，至少切到上新统顶界，甚至可能切入第四系；C线断层切至上新统顶界部，但主断层F3似止于上新统中部，第四纪后不再活动。台湾海峡的地震活动，南部强于北部。结合地形、地质条件、地震特征及设想隧道选线看，北线可能优于中线和南线。但由于现有资料不足以确定海底地质灾害的分布特征，建议对海峡进一步开展以工程地质、地质灾害为目的的中比例尺调查，为通道工程的科学选线提供依据。关键词台湾海峡；地形；地质构造；地震活动性；跨海通道中图分类号文献标识码文章编号P737A1000-7857(2008)22-0080-08TopographicandGeologicalConditionsintheTaiwanStraitandSuggestionforTrans-StraitTunnelLIXuejie1,ZHANGYicheng2,FENGZhiqiang1,GUOLiansheng1,ZHOUChangfan1,WANRongsheng1landforminthenorthischaracterizedwithfurrowanduplifting,withstrikeofNNEandthebiggestdepthofabout90m,whileitismuchflatterinthesouth,withstrikeofNStoNNW,andthebiggestdepthof68~70m.Therearefaultsinall3linesofA,BandC,basedontheseismicprofileneartothem.ThemainfaultF2inlineAandlineBreachesthetopofPlioceneatleast,mayeventouchQuaternary,whilethemainfaultF3inlineCreachesthemid-Plioceneandbecomesnon-activeinQuaternary,butwithsomesmallfaultstothetopofPliocene.Theearthquakesaremorefrequentinthesouththaninthenorth.Basedonthedataoftopography,geologyandactivityofearthquake,thelineAshouldbebetterthantheothers,butmoredataareneededtomakefurthervalidation.Itissuggestedthatmid-scalesurveyofengineeringgeologyandgeo-hazardshouldbecarriedout,inordertoprovidemoredetailedinformationfortrans-straitpassage.KeywordsTaiwanStrait;Topography;geologicalstructure;activityofearthquake;Trans-straittunnel1.GuangzhouMarineGeologicalSurvey,Guangzhou510075,China2.ChinaMiningAssociation,Beijing100081,ChinaAbstractThetectonicactivityisinquitestrongintensityandtheearthquakehappensfrequentlyintheTaiwanStrait,asitislocatedatthefrontierofacollisionzonebetweenEurasianplateandPacificplate.ThemainpartofthestraitisintheWesternTaiwanBasin,withBinhaifaulttothewest.Themainfaultsinthestrait