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大学物理自定义实验A rough simulation of rainbow
A rough simulation of rainbow1351956 Thomas Xia, School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University AbstractIn this project, I would like to explorehow rainbows come into being and simulate a rainbow by software.Equipment: Laptop(ASUS A450E47JF-SL), Software(Matlab R2014a、Photoshop CC 2014).Analysis Calculation2.1After a shower of rain or nearby a waterfall, thin fog consist of tiny water drops will be widespread in the air. The parallel sunlight cast on a single drop will have two refractions and one reflection on the surface. Since water has different indexes of refraction to lights of different frequency, as a result, the drop bends light of different colors by different angles.2.2Suppose the sunlight is horizontal, relative index of reflection of light with frequency v is n21. The radium of the drop is r. A beam has a distance hfrom the center of the drop.Angle of incidence is θi.Angle of refraction is θr。The angle that light is bent α., ,,,,Because parallel beams of sunlight are evenly distributed in, for two near points on functionα(h), independent variable difference Δh can represent number of beams shoot out by angle from α0 to (α0 + Δα): , ,then,can represent the density of lights shoot out by angle .【In Matlab, we can also use function α(h) to get many random data (αi,hi) first, and then use function “ksdensity” to calculate α’s distribution to represent light density】Chapter2.2 calculated the function between light density and angle α by two ways,we mark this function as ρ(α). The function fits every single drop in the fog.2.3We simplify the thin water fog described in 2.1 into a very tall cube, which is from observer’s eyes by distance S. And only drops on its surface can sparkle directly into observer’s eyes.Luminancereceived by the observer(C、C’are constants,μis drops’ number density on the surface, dx is unit width) Here we ignore the energy loss when light travel long distance through the air.Simulation process3.1Look up index of refraction of differe
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