主谓一致-学生版.doc

第四讲 主谓一致 主谓一致考点解析就远法 当主语与with, along with, accompanied by, in addition to, together with, including, as well as, like, besides, rather than。就近法 not only…but also…, or, either…or…, neither…nor…, nor、物主代词或不定代词作主语none, all, half, some, most, any, the rest, 百分数、分数作主语the） one of +复数名词 + who/ that / which引导的定语从句both, few, many, several作主语，谓语用复数。 例如：Few of the students are tired. 没有几个学生感到疲倦。 neither of, either of作主语，其谓语单数或复数都可，但考试一般要求用单数形式。 例如：Either of the trains goes to London. 两辆火车都开往伦敦。 none, all, half, some, most, any, the rest, 百分数、分数作主语时，其谓语根据后面的名词、代词而定，如后面的名词或代词是单数，谓语用单数，后面的名词或代词是复数，谓语用复数。 例如：It is said that 35% of the doctors are against the plan. Three-fourths of its surface of the earth is sea. None of the answers are right. Half of the students are boys. The rest of the lecture is dull. The last of the bread is gone. （二）就近法 not only…but also…, or, either…or…, neither…nor…, nor连词等连接的两个名词或代词做主语时，其谓语动词的单复数与毗邻的主语保持一致。 例如：Not only you but also she likes drawings. 不仅你而且她也喜欢绘画。 Neither he nor I am able to look forward to passing the test. 我和他都不能期待着通过这次考试。 Either fans or air-conditioner is necessary here. 这里要么有电扇要么有空调。 （三）就远法 当主语与with, along with, accompanied by, in addition to, together with, including, as well as, like, besides, rather than 等引导的词组连用时，其谓语形式依前面的主语而定。 例如：He as well as his children wants to go to China. 不仅他而且他的孩子们也想来中国。 Mary, accompanied by her friends, was warmly welcomed by the audience. 在朋友的陪伴下，玛丽受到了观众的热烈欢迎。 （四）由both …and, and 连接的两个成分作主语时，谓语用复数。 例如：Steam and ice are different forms of water. 水蒸汽和冰是水的不同形式。 Water and fire have no mercy. 水火无情。 Time and tide wait for no man. 时不待我。 （五）单复数同形名词作主语时 这类名词作主语，谓语只用复数： people, police, cattle, staff, militia（民兵）, personnel (全体职员) , trousers, pants（内裤）, shorts（短裤）, boots, glasses, scissors, goods, clothes, chopsticks, crossroads 这类名词作主语时，如表示“整体”，谓语用单数；如强调个体，谓语用复数： audience, army, class, committee, crew, team, population, crowd, group, family, government, public, union, couple, band, broad 例如：His family is g