长安大学测绘工程硕士专业英语考试试卷(2015级适用).docxVIP

长安大学测绘工程硕士专业英语试卷级，姓名，分数一、词汇或短语翻译（英译汉，15?分）1.?settlement?observation沉降观测2.?deflection?observation挠度观测3.?property?line?survey物业线测量4.?cross-section?survey横断面测量5.?geoid?undulation`大地水准面波动6.?orthometric?height正高7.?very?long?baseline?interferometry甚长基线干涉测量8.?least-squares?adjustment最小二乘平差9.?variance-covariance?matrix方差-协方差矩阵10.?normal?distribution正态分布11.?index?error?of?vertical?circle竖盘指标差12.?optical?plummet.光学对中器13.?connecting?traverse附合导线14.?grid?bearing坐标方位角15.?zenith?distance天顶距二、词汇或短语翻译（汉译英，15?分）1.?工程测量engineering survey2.?施工放样construction layout3.?竣工测量finish construction survey4.?大地高geodetic height5.?参考椭球reference ellipsoid6.?卫星激光测距)satellite laser ranging7.?重力场gravitational field8.?测量平差measurement adjustment9.?多余观测redundant observation10.?点位中误差mean square error of a point11.?粗差检验Gross error test12.?自动目标识别automatic target recognition ATR13.?几何水准测量geometrical levelling14.?水准尺leveling rod15.?平面控制网horizontal control network三、句子翻译（英译汉，32?分）1.?Surveying?is?the?art?of?making?such?measurements?of?the?relative?positions?of?points?on?the?surface?of?the?earththat,?on?drawing?them?to?scale,?natural?and?artificial?features?may?be?exhibited?in?their?correct?horizontal?orvertical?relationships.2.?The?ordinary?procedure?in?determining?elevations,?such?as?balancing?backsight?and?foresight?distance?indifferential?leveling,?automatically?takes?into?account?the?curvature?of?the?earth?and?compensates?for?earthcurvature?and?refraction,?and?elevations?referred?to?the?curved?surface?of?reference?are?secured?without?extra?effortby?the?surveyor.3.?The?type?of?surveying?that?takes?that?takes?into?account?the?true?shape?of?the?earth?is?called?geodetic?surveying.This?type?of?survey?of?survey?is?suited?for?large?areas?and?long?lines?and?is?used?to?find?the?precise?location?ofbasic?points?needed?for?establishing?control?for?other?surveys.?In?geodetic?surveying，the?stations?are?normallylong?distances?apart,?and?more?precise?instruments?and?surveying?methods?are?required?for?this?type?of?surveying