中国保险业发展的国际比较与对策研究李永1刘鹃21同济大学经济.pdf

中国保险业发展的国际比较与对策研究 李永 1 刘鹃2 （1.同济大学经济与管理学院，上海 200092；2.天安保险股份有限公司，上海 200120） ［摘要］1980 年恢复办理国内保险业务以来，中国保险业已经快速成长为国民经济体 系的重要组成部分，目前，我国保险费收入高速增长，但与发达国家差距仍然明显；保险密 度和保险深度增长较快，但近两年增速趋于下降。造成这种状况的主要原因是我国保险市场 长期寡头垄断，由极少数主体主宰市场，影响了新公司的成长与保险业规模的发展壮大；市 场竞争加剧致使费率水平持续下降，市场经营环境欠佳。为实现我国保险业的健康可持续发 展，应引入竞争机制，健全保险业市场体系；在巩固常规保险业务的同时，积极进行保险产 品的创新；完善再保险服务体系。 ［关键词］保险费收入；保险密度；保险深度；国际比较 ［中图分类号］ F802.4 ［文献标识码］ A ［文章编号］1004-3306（2007）01-0024-03 Abstract： Since China resumed domestic insurance business in 1980, the insurance industry in China has quickly become an important component of the national economic system. China’s premium growth is very high today, but there is still a visible gap in level of development with the developed markets. Insurance penetration and density increased quite rapidly, but the speed of growth declined in the last two years. This is mostly due to the long　term oligopoly in the insurance market, which means that a very small number of players control the market affecting growth of new entrants and the expansion of the size of the market. Intensifying competition results in continuous premium rate cutting and the external operational environment is worsening. We should introduce a healthy competitive mechanism and establish a smoothly　running insurance market system if we want to see the industry develop soundly and sustainably. We should proactively seek product innovation while strengthening our existing insurance business and we should improve the reinsurance system. Key words ： premium income; insurance density; insurance penetration; international comparison 一、中国保险业发展状况的国际比较 国际上通常采用保费收入、保险密度、保险深度三个指标来衡量一个国家保险业的发展 水平。通过国际比较，可以看出： (一)中国保费收入高速增长，但差距依然明显 首先，从保费收入增长来看。我国保费收入从 1980 年的 4.6 亿元增长到 2