废气涡轮增压器转子动平衡技术研究.docVIP

中华人民共和国教育部 大学 毕 业 题目学 生： 指导教师： 学 院： 专 业： 提交论文日期：2010年 6月 12 日 摘 要 近年来，增压技术在发动机上得到了广泛的应用，装有增压器的柴油机已经越来越多。因此，增压器工况的好坏直接影响到车辆的动力性和环保性，所以，对增压器的各个部分都有严格的要求。 涡轮增压器的转子总成由涡轮与轴总成、止推片、止推环、密封环支承、压气机叶轮、锁紧螺母等组成。增压器转子是一个结构复杂的两边悬臂的双支点转子。废气涡轮增压器转子正常工作时转速可高达十几万转，转子不平衡会引起转子轴的挠曲和内应力，使增压器产生较大的振动和噪声，加速轴承和密封零件的磨损，降低增压器的机械效率，严重时会引起叶轮和壳体相碰，导致转子的损坏，甚至导致整个增压器的失效。针对这一问题，对转子结构进行了强度动力分析及振动测试，找出产生故障的主要原因，并对转子的动平衡技术进行研究，介绍了刚性转子动平衡技术及废气涡轮增压器转子的动平衡法。 关键词：涡轮增压器，转子，动平衡 Abstract In recent years, pressurize technology is widely applied in the engine, the diesel engine have been equipped with pressurized growing. Therefore, turbocharger will have a direct affect vehicle dynamics and environmental nature, so that the various parts are placed on strict requirements. The rotor assembly of turbocharger is made up of turbine and axle assembly, thrust flanges, thrust ring, seal ring support, compressor impeller, locking nut. Rotor of turbocharger is on both sides of the double fulcrum rotor and is a complex structure of the rotor. Totors of exhaust turbocharger normal work rotational speed can be as high as 100000, rotor imbalance will cause the bend of rotor axis and stress, the turbocharger arise the larger noise and vibration, acceleration bearings and sealed parts wear and reduce the mechanical efficiency of turbocharger, raises serious case against impeller and housing, and led to the rotor damage, and even lead to the invalidation of turbocharger. As to this problem, the strength kinetic analysis of rotor structure of the turbocharger and the vibration test of the rotor structure are made and basic causes of the fault are found, and the search about dynamic blancing of rotor, introduces dynamic balancing technique of steel rotor and dynamic balancing methods of exhaust turbocharger. Keywords：Turbocharger Rotor Dynamic balancing 目 录 摘 要 i Abstract ii 第一章 绪论 1 第一节 动平衡技术的发展状况 1 一、动平衡技术的发展概况 1 二、动平衡技术的分类 2 第二节 涡轮增压器及其工作环境