血液透析中抗凝剂的临床应用PPT.pptVIP

血液透析中抗凝剂的临床应用湛江中心人民医院肾内科曾蕾;;凝血瀑布;VII因子激活;纤维蛋白原的转化;血液净化抗凝的目标;理想抗凝剂;血液净化治疗的抗凝技术;肝素抗凝技术;抗凝血酶;抗凝血酶;肝素抗凝技术;肝素抗凝技术;肝素抗凝技术的监测;肝素抗凝技术;肝素抗凝技术;肝素相关性血小板减少;肝素相关性血小板减少;肝素相关性血小板减少;抗凝剂对维持性血液透析病人脂质代谢的影响;低分子量肝素抗凝;低分子肝素;低分子量肝素抗凝;低分子量肝素抗凝;;分子量与抗凝活性;AT III;;Linhardt RJ, Gunay NS. Semin Thromb Hemost 1999;25(suppl 3):5-16;J. Fareed, J.M. Walenga, D. Hoppensteadt et al. Biochemical and Pharmacologic Inequivalence of Low Molecular Weight Heparins. Ann N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1989; 556:333-353;欧洲药典显示低分子肝素依诺肝素的抗Xa/IIa 比值最高：4.1;Collignon et al Thromb Haemost 1995;73(4):630-40 Eriksson et al Thromb Haemost 1995;73(3):398-401;无抗凝剂血液净化治疗;枸橼酸抗凝原理;枸橼酸抗凝;枸橼酸抗凝;Scanning electron micrographs of the inner surface of a polysulfone hollow fiber dialyzer membrane using sodium citrate as anticoagulant during hemodialysis therapy. Only a few single cells adhering to the inner surface were observed. No thrombus formation was seen. Similar observations were made in the dialyzers obtained from the other four patients.  ;Scanning electron micrographs of the inner surface of a polysulfone hollow fiber dialyzer membrane using heparin as anticoagulant during hemodialysis therapy. (A) Overview showing a dense fibrin network with large amounts of aggregated erythrocytes. (B) Pseudomembraneous formation (magnification of lower frame in panel A) of aggregated erythrocytes. (C) Magnification of aggregated erythrocytes (magnification of upper frame in panel A). Similar observations were made in the dialyzers obtained from the other patients.  ;Scanning electron micrographs of the inner surface of a polysulfone hollow fiber dialyzer membrane using low molecular weight heparin as anticoagulant during hemodialysis therapy. (A–C) A stronger fibrin network is shown, but much less erythrocytes. (D) A platelet in a fibrin network using a high magnification.;枸橼酸配方;枸橼酸抗凝的操作;枸橼酸抗凝的操作;枸橼酸抗凝的操作;枸橼酸抗凝的操作;;枸橼酸抗凝的监测;枸橼酸抗凝的副作用;枸橼酸抗凝的临床应用;CVVHF中滤器失功原因分析;枸橼酸抗凝的肝衰竭患者中的应用;枸橼酸抗凝的临床应用;枸橼酸抗凝的临床应用;枸橼酸抗凝中全血ACT的变化;枸橼酸抗凝在普通血液滤过中的应用;置换液剂量对枸橼酸蓄积的