Chap1-Introduc-(大学物理美国英文版).pptVIP

* You are about to begin what could be one the most exciting course that you will undertake in university. It offers you the opportunity to learn what makes our world “tick” and to gain insight into the role physics plays in our everyday lives. Hey! Feature of text book (1) True style of U.S.University — pay attention to pick interest and motivate desire to read book: (2) The best way to promote your ability of expression in English by reading original edition of English book. “We will see many examples in this book of how physics is useful in other fields, and in everyday life.” Chapter 1. Introduction Measurement Vector (向量/矢量) Dimensions(尺度/维数/量纲) 1-1 Observation Measurement Physics is based on measurement of physical quantities(物理量). We measure each physical quantity in its own units by comparison with a standard. There are so many physical quantities that it is a problem to organize them. Fortunately, they are not all independent （独立）. Base standards must be invariable, precision and accessible（恒定，精确，容易取得的）. In 1971, the 14th General Conference on Weights and Measures, The SI (International System) was adopted. It is based on meter, second and kilogram. Meter, kilogram and second are basic units. Many SI derived units are defined in terms of these base units, such as: 1 watt = 1 W = 1 kg ·m2 / s3 1-2 The International System of Units They are so called derived units. Note： 没有单位的结果是没有意义的！ Unit prefixes (P7) In the metric (SI) system, the larger and smaller units are defined in multiples of 10 from standard unit, and this makes calculation particularly easy. You may pay attention to the case of letters. Upper case and lower case mean quite different things. 1 MeV = 1?106 eV 1 meV = 1 ? 10-3 eV There is a factor of 109 between the two! exa E 1018 peta P 1015 tera T 1012 giga G 109 mega M 106 kilo k 103 hecto h 102 deca da 101 deci d 10-1 centi c 10-2 milli