重复呈现情绪刺激对抑郁个体注意偏向的影响-第三军医大学学报.docVIP

文章编号：1000-01099(2009) 重复呈现情绪面孔对抑郁症状大学生注意偏向的影响 刘阳娥，冯正直，戴 琴，王 凤，廖承菊 （第三军医大学护理系心理学教研室，重庆400038） 摘 要 目的：探讨抑郁症状大学生对重复呈现的情绪面孔是否存在注意偏向。 方法：以贝克抑郁量表（Beck Depression Inventory, BDI）和自评抑郁量表（Self-rating Depression Scale, SDS）为工具，随机从1 000余名青年大学生中筛选出正常被试（n = 20）、抑郁低分被试（n = 20）和抑郁高分被试（n = 20）。从中科院心理研究所制作的真人情绪面孔中选取26组配对照片（中性面孔和悲伤面孔），分别呈现给各组被试，进行点探测任务的行为学实验。情绪面孔共重复呈现了4次。每次呈现之后，测量被试者对情绪面孔的反应时和正确率。数据用SPSS 12.0进行统计分析。结果：①抑郁低分组、抑郁高分组与正常对照组之间在点探测任务正确率上没有显著差异；②抑郁高分被试在第4次呈现情绪面孔的平均反应时明显低于第1次呈现的平均反应时(P 0.01)，而其他各组与呈现的次数间无显著差异(P 0.05)；③与正常组相比，抑郁高分组对悲伤图片有较高的平均注意偏向分值，表现出明显的主效应(P 0.05)。情绪面孔图片呈现次数也表现出明显的主效应(P 0.05)。在图片类型×呈现次数×组别之间存在明显的交互作用(P 0.05)。结论：抑郁高分个体对首次呈现的负性面孔出现注意偏向，4次呈现负性刺激能改变青年抑郁高分被试的注意偏向。 关键词：注意偏向；抑郁；点探测任务；情绪面孔 中图法分类　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　文献标识码：A Effects of repeatedly exposed emotional faces on attentional bias of university students with high depression ratings LIU Yang-e, FENG Zheng-zhi, DAI Qin, WANG Feng and LIAO Cheng-ju （Department of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China） Abstract: Objective To investigate whether individuals with a high depression rating retain attentional bias towards negative emotional pictures when such pictures are repeatedly presented. Methods Subjects rated high (n?=?20) and low (n?=?20) on Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and 20 normal subjects participated in a forced-choice reaction time version of a modified dot-probe task. Picture pairs (negative and neutral emotional pictures) were presented in four exposure blocks. On each exposure, the attentional bias to the pictures pairs was measured. Results (1) No significant difference was found in the ACCs among the three groups; (2) Subjects with high depressive scores had significantly shorter average reation time (RT) in the fourth exposure than the first exposure (P0.01), while no significant difference was found between groups and exposures (P0.05); (3) Compared with the normal controls, subjects with high depressiv