唐斌-数字信号处理课件-chap7 第1讲.pptVIP

Ch7. Filter Design Techniques Main contents Design of D-T IIR Filters from C-T Filters 7.0 Introduction 7.0 Introduction 7.0 Introduction 7.0 Introduction 7.1 Design of D-T IIR Filters from C-T Filters Butterworth lowpass filter Thinking Compare the Butterworth、Chebyshev I、 Chebyshev II and Elliptic lowpass filters. Design of FIR Filters by Windowing Optimum Approximations of FIR Filters Comments on IIR and FIR D-T Filters Impulse Invariance Bilinear Transformation Frequency Band Transformation (补充) Design of FIR Filters by Frequency Sampling (补充) Stages of D-T (digital) filter design (i) The specification of the desired properties of the system (ii) The approximation of the specifications using a causal D-T system (iii) The realization of the system —— determining the system function —— structure, word length, software/hardware √ Specification for D-T filters (given in frequency domain) passband cutoff frequency stopband cutoff frequency passband: stopband: tolerance (容限) in passband tolerance in stopband transition band with nonzero width Specification for D-T filters (given in frequency domain) Many filters used in practice are specified by a similar magnitude tolerance scheme, with no constraints on the phase response other than those imposed implicitly by stability and causality requirements. For example, the poles of the system function for a causal and stable IIR filter must lie inside the unit circle. In designing FIR filters, the constraint of linear phase is often imposed. Given a set of specifications, we must determine the system function of a D-T filter whose frequency response falls within the prescribed tolerances. This is a problem of function approximation. IIR filters designing implies approximation by a rational function of z. FIR filters designing implies polynomial approximation. 连续时间IIR滤波器的设计方法非常成熟，并且已经取得许多有用的成果可供利用。 许多有用的连续时间IIR滤波器设计方法有比较简单完整的设计公式。 设计离散时间IIR滤波器的传统方法：将连续时间IIR滤波器变换成满足指标要求的离散时间滤波器 利用最优化技术设计滤波器参数 确定一种优化准