2010诺贝尔生理学或医学奖.pptVIP

Infertility – a medical and psychological problem;主要内容;1 The Message of awarding the 2010 Nobel Prize;大会评价;大荣誉 小遗憾 现年85岁的英国生理学家罗伯特·爱德华兹“终于”因创立体外受精技术而获得今年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，高龄又体弱的他甚至未能发表获奖感言。而更加遗憾的是，与他一同创立该技术的英国科学家帕特里克·斯特普托Patrick Steptoe没能等到这一天，他已于1988年去世。诺贝尔基金会规定，诺贝尔奖不能授予已去世的人。 Patrick Steptoe died in 1988, sadly too early to see the first generation of IVF babies grow into adulthood and witness the final confirmation, made apparent by their robust good health, of the overall safety of the procedure. “我觉得爱德华兹获奖是众望所归，我奇怪这一奖励怎么来得这么晚”曾经和爱德华兹一起在剑桥大学工作的科学家马丁·约翰逊这样说。 有分析人士指出，如果斯特普托健在的话，他很可能会与爱德华兹共享今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，可惜他已于1988年去世。2009年的这一奖项就是由3名美国科学家分享的，他们分别是加利福尼亚旧金山大学的伊丽莎白·布莱克本、巴尔的摩约翰·霍普金斯医学院的卡罗尔·格雷德以及哈佛医学院的杰克·绍斯塔克，他们的突出贡献是发现了端粒和端粒酶保护染色体的机理。 ;黄金搭档 Edwards and Steptoe;The Bourn Hall Clinic;Professor Robert Edwards at his desk at Bourn Hall Clinic, England. Photo taken in 1989 ;3 世界上首例试管婴儿的诞生;; 我国首例试管婴儿郑萌珠;Approximately four million individuals have been born thanks to IVF. Louise Brown and several other IVF children have given birth to children themselves; this is probably the best evidence for the safety and success of IVF therapy.;自然界中的体外受精;4 The Introduction of IVF ;The History of the IVFs Development;体外受精的基本操作程序;;A light micrograph image showing the encounter between sperm and ovum during in vivo fertilization. A single sperm is seen in centre of the image approaching the circular oocyte. Other competing sperm and cells encompass the corona radiata, which forms a protective halo around the central oocyte, are visible at bottom.;A light microscope image showing in vitro fertilization of an ovum. A needle (right) is used to inject a sperm cell directly into a human egg (centre). The broad object (left) is a pipette used to hold the ovum steady while the needle is inserted .;Human embryos developing in vitro. The photos show a fertilized egg, 8-cell stage, cell adhesion, a compacted morula, a blastocyst and zona hatching.;;目前体外受精技术的发展阶段;人工受精需防技术