崔银秋-分子生物学-chapter9 The mutability and repair of DNA.pptVIP

Causes Repair tautomerism on base-pairing DNA polymorase I Prokaryote Mismatch repair system MutS MutL MutH UrvD one of three exonucleases MutS scans the DNA, recognizing the mismatch from the distortion they cause in the DNA backbone MutS embraces the mismatch-containing DNA, inducing a pronounced kink in the DNA and a conformational change in MutS itself DNA damage and their repair Stephan Uphoffa, Rodrigo Reyes-Lamothe, Achillefs N. Kapanidis et al. Single-molecule DNA repair in live bacteria. PNAS April 29, 2013 DNA undergoes damage spontaneously from hydrolysis and deamination Alkylation, Oxidation Radiation base analogspoint mutation intercalating agentsinsertion or deletion DNA damage and their repair Direct reversal of DNA damage Base Excision repair AP endonulease exonulcease Cleaves the abasic sugars DNA polymerase/ligase Works sequentially to complete the repair event. Nucleotide Excision repair Nucleotide Excision-Repair Transcription-couple repair: nucleotide Excision repair system is capable of rescuing RNA polymerase that has been arrested by the presence of lesions in the DNA template Glycosylase Recognizes the damaged base Removes the damaged base oxoG:A repair. A glycosylase recognizes the mispair and removes A. Fail-safe systems Recognize distortions to the shape of the DNA double helix Remove a short single-stranded segment that includes the lesion. DNA polymerase/ligase fill in the gap. Uvr A: detect the distortion of DNA Uvr B: melt DNA to create ssDNA recruits C Uvr C create two incisions Uvr D release the ssDNA * * Chapter 9: Chapter 9: The mutability and repair of DNA Mutation Recombination Homologous recombination (同源重组） Site-specific recombination(位点专一重组) Transposition ( 转座） The causes of mutation Mutagens Error in replication chemical physical Ensuring the accuracy Replication