浙江大学研究生免疫学英文课件细胞因子CK.pptVIP

Cytokines，CKs Cytokines Concept Characteristics Classification Cytokine receptor Biologic activity Introduction to cytokines What are cytokines ？ Cytokines are small proteins that are secreted by cells and exert their biological activity through specific cell surface receptors. Introduction to cytokine Differ from growth factors that cytokines involved in host defense that act on white blood cells (leukocytes), whereas growth factors act on other somatic cell types . Differ from growth factors that are produced constitutively, while cytokine production is carefully regulated Cytokines can act in three different manners Autocrine Cytokine binds to receptor on cell that secreted it Paracrine Cytokine binds to receptors on nearby cells Endocrine Cytokine binds cells in distant parts of the body Introduction to CKs General properties of CKs 1.Small proteins (MW:approx. 15-30 KD); 2.Extremely potent, acting at pM or fM 3.The production is transient and tightly regulated; 4.Autocrine , paracrine or endocrine; 5.Non-specific and non-MHC restriction； 6.Diversity in actions Introduction to CKs Cytokine Actions Pleiotropy:Act on more than one cell type (IFN-α / β) Redundancy:More than one cytokine have the same action (IFN- α / β and IFN- γ) Introduction to CKs Cytokine Actions Synergy:Two or more CKs cooperate to produce an effect that is different or greater than the combined effect of the two cytokines when functioning separately (IL-12 and IL-18) Antagonism:Two or more cytokines work against each other (IL-4 and IL-12) Introduction to CKs Cytokine Actions Cytokine cascade A cytokine may increase (or decrease) the production of another cytokine Introduction to cytokine The CKs network It has been shown above that there are many CKs with multiple functions and apparent redundancy of action forming a complex communication network. How can non-specific cytokines act specifically? Only cells expressing receptors for spec