骨样骨瘤的简介(英文版).pptVIP

Radiologic Diagnosis of Osteoid Osteoma Osteoid osteoma is a benign bone tumor that occurs most frequently in men and boys between 7 and 25 years old . Most patients experience pain that worsens at night and is promptly relieved by the administration of salicylates 。 Typical radiographic findings of osteoid osteoma include an intracortical nidus, which may display a variable amount of mineralization, accompanied by cortical thickening and reactive sclerosis in a long bone shaft. At CT, the nidus is well defined and round or oval with low attenuation (Fig 2). An area of high attenuation may be seen centrally, a finding that represents mineralized osteoid (Fig 3). MR imaging depicts not only the nidus and accompanying sclerosis but also adjacent bone marrow and articular abnormalities 。 The nidus has low to intermediate signal intensity on T1-weighted images and variable signal intensity on T2-weighted images, depending on the amount of mineralization present in the center of the nidus. Edema in adjacent bone marrow and soft tissue and joint effusion also may be seen (Fig 3) 。 Several studies have shown that, compared with CT, MR imaging is of limited value in depicting the nidus 。 MR imaging sometimes fails to depict small nidi, because the signal in the nidus often is similar to that in cortical bone (Fig 4). Intraarticular Osteoid Osteoma Intraarticular osteoid osteoma, which occurs within or near a joint, is considered a separate clinical entity 。 The most commonly involved joint is the hip. The ankle, elbow, wrist, and knee are less commonly affected 。 Imaging findings of intraarticular osteoid osteoma differ from those of intracortical osteoid osteoma. With intraarticular osteoid osteoma, reactive cortical thickening is minimal or absent, a finding believed to be due to a lack of cambium, the inner layer of the periosteum. Uncommon Locations of Osteoid Osteoma Osteoid osteoma is most common in the femur and tibia; more than 50% of cases occur in these loca