英文摘要的写作2013春季.ppt

医学科技论文英文摘要的写作 Abstract Writing for Medical  Research Papers;摘要的作用 (Why bother?);什么时候写摘要 （When）？;怎么写摘要 （How）？;关键信息： 研究背景、目的：为什么做实验？要解决的 具体问题？ 研究设计：研究是如何设计？临床研究更要明确研究设计 技术路线：实验对象、对照、是否采用随机方法、样本量、采用的主要方法 主要结果：重要的结果指标，重要的统计检验指标量值 最直接的结论：由结果得到的直接结论，不宜笼统，诸如 “本研究为进一步研究某某问题奠定了基础”之类的结论可删去;英文摘要的结构: 结构式和非结构式; Loci with confirmed association include HLA-C, three genes involved in IL-23 signaling (IL23A, IL23R, IL12B), two genes that act downstream of TNF-alpha and regulate NF-kappaB signaling (TNIP1, TNFAIP3) and two genes involved in the modulation of Th2 immune responses (IL4, IL13). Although the proteins encoded in these loci are known to interact biologically, we found no evidence for epistasis between associated SNPs. Our results expand the catalog of genetic loci implicated in psoriasis susceptibility and suggest priority targets for study in other auto-immune disorders. ;结构式摘要 BACKGROUND: Despite high annual rates of influenza in children, influenza vaccines are given to children infrequently. We measured the disease burden of influenza in a large cohort of healthy children in the Tennessee Medicaid program who were younger than 15 years of age. METHODS: We determined the rates of hospitalization for acute cardiopulmonary conditions, outpatient visits, and courses of antibiotics over a period of 19 consecutive years. Using the differences in the rates of these events when influenzavirus was circulating and the rates from November through April when there was no influenza in the community, we calculated morbidity attributable to influenza. There was a total of 2,035,143 person-years of observation. ;RESULTS: During periods when influenzavirus was circulating, the average number of hospitalizations for cardiopulmonary conditions in excess of the expected number was 104 per 10,000 children per year for children younger than 6 months of age, 50 per 10,000 per year for those 6 months to less than 12 months, 19 per 10,000 per year for those 1 year to less than 3 yea