上肢肌和下肢肌.ppt

Muscles of upper limb 上肢肌 The muscles of upper limb are divided into: Muscles of shoulder Muscles of arm Muscles of forearm Muscles of hand Muscles of shoulder Deltoid 三角肌 Supraspinatus 冈上肌 Infraspinatus 冈下肌 Teres minor 小圆肌 Teres major 大圆肌 Subscapularis 肩胛下肌 deltoid supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor teres major subscapularis Deltoid 三角肌 Origin: lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus Action: abducts the arm，anterior fibers flex and medially rotate arm; posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate arm Teres major 大圆肌 Origin: dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula Insertion: crest of lesser tubercle of humerus Action: medially rotates and adducts arm deltoid supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor teres major subscapularis biceps brachii coracobrachialis brachialis Triceps brachii 肱三头肌 Origin: long head, infraglenoid tubercle; lateral head, above groove for radical n., medical head, below groove for radical n. Insertion: olecranon of ulna Action: extends elbow joint, long head can extend and adduct shoulder joint Trilateral and quadrilateral foramina 三边孔和四边孔 Between the subscapularis and teres major, there is a long triangular space whose lateral side is surgical neck of humerus. The long head of triceps brachii subdivides this space into a medial trilateral foramen and a lateral quadrilateral foramen. Antererior group (9) Superficial layer (5) Brachioradialis 肱桡肌 Pronator teres 旋前圆肌 Flexor carpi radialis 桡侧腕屈肌 Palmaris longus 掌长肌 Flexor carpi ulnaris 尺侧腕屈肌 Muscles of forearm brachioradialis pronator teres flexor carpi radialis palmaris longus flexor carpi ulnaris Pronator teres 旋前圆肌 Origin: medical epicondyle of humerus and deep fascia of forearm Insertion: middle of lateral surface of radius Action: pronation of forearm and flexion of elbow Nerve supply: median n. Second layer (1) Flexor digitorum superficialis 指浅屈肌 Third layer (2) Flexor digitorum profundus 指深屈肌