Linux管理及应用chap10-DNS.pptVIP

Part III Internet Services Domain Name System Critical Skills Understand essence of Domain Name System (DNS) Understand how to install and configure DNS server and client How IP address map to name Host table and /etc/hosts HOSTS.TXT (ARPANET) Difficult to maintain host Difficult to describe real time network status (时实网络状况) TCP/IP apply to ARPANET－DNS Domain system (域名系统) Address convert and reverse resolution IP addresses are used to distinguish hosts IP addresses are mapped to Ethernet address (forward resolution) or reverse resolution ARP RARP General terms Domain Name Server (DNS） C/S based Distributed database, no central database Data is distributed in different DNSs according to hierarchy Domain name space （域名空间-zone） a naming regulation providing hierarchy for DNS database node is called domain(域): one node represents a part of DNS database () DNS hierarchy Root domain (根域) Start point for DNS (域名空间的起点) Top level domain (顶级域) Subdomain under root domain (位于根域下的子域。根据组织和地理区域划分, ep: .) Subdomain (二级域) Registered subdomains in network for individuals or departments , ep： Host (主机名) A specific computer in Internet, ep: (描述主机在域中的确切位置) Types of DNS Primary name server (master server) is a DNS server that knows about all hosts and subdomains existing under its domain (domain name, IP, and mail ) Secondary name servers (slaver server) is used for backup, if the primary name server is down Caching server contain no configuration files for any particular domain Naming data may be get from server (authoritative) or from cache (non authoritative) (page 300) Organization for Internet administration NIC（serverNetwork Information Center）：IP地址和域的分配 ICANN is a no-profit organization(The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers—互联网域名 与地址管理机构 ) IETF (serverInternet Engineering Task Force)协议的标准制定 I domain (反向域) Converts IP addresses back into host names Files for configuring DNS First type：under /etc Hosts: host maps to IP hosts.conf: order for resolu