手术学总论及无菌术(英文).pptVIP

Hippocrates, one of the founders of modern surgery. Do you know him? The most famous of him is The Oath of Medicine: I swear by Apollo, the healer, Asclepius, Hygieia, and Panacea, and I take to witness all the gods……. He was the first guy, who suggested the wounds must be cleaned with wine, boiled water or clean rain water. This was the perform of Asepsis technique. * Koch was a German microbiologist. He found hot steam can kill bacteria ?[b?kt?ri?]. He started the beginning of sterilization of surgery instrument with steam under pressure. This mean a lot to the history of modern surgery. * Halsted was named as the father of American Surgery. He was the first surgeon professor in Johns Hopkins. You know Johns Hopkins Hospital, Ha? She is the Medical Hall. Halsted was the first man, who used gloves[ɡl?vz] in the operation. This was one big step of the asepsis technique. * Now, I will introduce some basic conception. Very important, may be test in your final exam. Aseptic technique is the technique aiming to prevent all kinds of microorganisms from invading [?nve?d] the body in the process of medical treatment and nursing care and it also means the technique that prevent germ [d???m] free articles and environment[?nva?r?nm?nt] from contaminated. [k?nt?m?ne?t] * Here are two very important definitions, [?def?n??n] which will be tested in your final exam for sure. Sterilization－ use of physical procedures or chemical agents to destroy all microbial[ma?kro?b??l] forms, including bacterial[b?kt??ri?l] spores. [sp??r] Disinfection－ use of physical procedures or chemical agents to destroy most microbial forms; bacterial spores and other relatively resistant organisms may remain viable. [va??bl] But, what’s different between them. * Sterilization means total destruction of all microbes, [ma?kro?bz] including bacterial spores, Mycobacteria, [mi?ko?b?k‘t??r??]；TB ，tuberculosis[tu??b??rkj?’lo?s?s]；Fungi?[f?nd?a?] * Disinfection can destroy most of the microbial forms. But