Development of Off-Road Vehicles英文课件.ppt

Chapter 1: Development of Off-Road Vehicles BAE 517 - Lecture 1 Tractor Words origin came from England. Was used as a synonym for “traction engine.” The word “tractor” appears in an 1890 patent for “track-laying, steamtraction engine.” Poor traction plaqued early steamtraction engine designers. Solution: bigger wheels (36 ton traction engine with 5 m wide by 3 m dia. rear wheels). Other solutions included the development of track-type tractors in the early 1900s. Gasoline Engine Need for reducing the number of workers required to operate steamtraction engines. First comparisons of steam and gas engines occurred at the Winnipeg Tractor Trials (1908-1912). First U.S. demonstration was held in Omaha, Nebraska in 1911 as an exhibition, not competition. Nebraska passes tractor test law in 1919. Nebraska Tractor Test Law All tractor makes and models sold in Nebraska must be tested, with published results. Manufacturers required to provide a reasonable supply of repair parts. Tractor tests attained worldwide recognition Tractor tests provided standards for performance. History of Vehicle Development 1858 - Fawkes steam plowing engine. 1873 – Parvins steamer first track laying device in U.S. 1876 – Otto received patents for IC engine. 1889 – One company builds tractor with IC engine. 1908 – Winnipeg Tractor Trials 1911 – First tractor demonstration in Omaha, NE. History of Vehicle Development Cont. 1917 – First cast iron used in tractor chassis (Fordson). 1917 – First oil cooled clutch faces (Fordson). 1919 – Nebraska Tractor Test Law passed. 1919 – First PTO introduced (International 8-16). History of Vehicle Development Cont. 1920 – First tractor tested in Nebraska (John Deere Waterloo Boy). 1924 – First successful row-crop tractor marketed (McCormick-Deering Farmall Regular). 1927 – Mechanical rockshaft lift for mounted equipment introduced (John Deere Model GP). 1931 – Caterpillar introduces diesel engine (84 Hp). History of Vehicle Development Cont. 1932 – Fir