颅脑的横断层解剖(上)断层解剖学精品 PPT.ppt

The medial surfice of cerebral hemisphere the ventricular system The cranial sinuses and cistern The cranial N.of base of skull the coronal section through posterior cranial fossa The medical college of shandong university The transverse section of cranium and MRI The basic knowledge of cranial anatomy The brain Telencephalon Diencephalon Cerebellum Brain stem The brain stem  Consists of Midbrain Pons Medulla oblongata Medulla oblongata Ventral surface Pyramid: contain corticospinal tract Decussation of pyramid: formed by crossing fibers of corticospinal tract Olive: produced by underlying inf.olivary nucleus Anterolateral sulcus: rootlets of hypoglossal N. Retroolivary sulcus: rootlets of glossopharyngeal N. vagus N. accessory N. Pons Dorsal surface Sup. cerebellar peduncle Sup. medullary velum Trochlear N. Midbrain Ventral surface Crus cerebri Interpeduncular fossa Oculomotor N. emerge from medial of crus cerebri Pos.perforated substance Midbrain Dorsal surface Sup. colliculus visual reflexes Inf.colliculus associated with auditory pathway Brachium of sup. colliculi Brachium of inf. colliculi The characters of internal   structure of brain stem Medulla oblongata Lower part (closed part) : Two decussations Decussationsof pyramid Decussations of medial lemniscus Medulla oblongata Upper part (open part) Appearance : inf.olivary nuculeus inf. cerebellar peduncle Enlargement of central canal to form the 4th ventricle floor Pons  Tegmentum of pons directed upward continuation of medulla oblongata Basilar part contain both longitudinal and transverse fibers intermixed with pontine nuclei Midbrain Rectum of midbrain: includes sup.and inf.colliculi Cerebral peduncle Tegmentum : contain ascending tracts, central gray matter, recticular formation and so on Substentia nigra Crus cerebri : Pyramidal tract－ middle 3/5 of the crus: Frontoponti