英语课件the fifth time.docVIP

Chapter 3 Sentence Translation 3.1 Syntactical differences between English and Chinese Chinese is top-prominent language(主题/话题显著). In expressing ideas, it is often the topic rather than the subject that is given prominence. In other words, Chinese sentences are of semantic type. They are built on thought-pivot(意念主轴), emphasizing meaning and function rather structure and form. The Chinese sentence goes on in the same way as thought unfolds, with the initial part being the topic(主题） and what comes next being the comment（述题）. e.g. 关于春游，你们去哪儿？Where are you going for spring outing? 南阳，那是我的家乡。Nanyang is my hometown. 为了完成这篇论文，他熬了一个通宵。 In order to finish the paper, he sat up for a whole night. 校门口今天停满了小汽车。 There parked a lot of cars outside the school gate today. A lot of cars were parked by the school gate today. English is subject-prominent language. Its sentence is built on subject-predicate-pivot or form-pivot, with the emphasis on form and function. Grammatical concord is of primary importance between components of a sentence, and priority is given to a strict, logical and well-knit sentence structure. In other words, English sentence is of grammatical type. The subject and predicate govern the whole sentence and is of primary importance. All the rest of sentence must be in concord with them in person, number, tense etc. 3.2 The Choice of subject and predict 主语和谓语的确定 In the light of the above syntactical differences，finding a proper subject and predicate (or a good sentence structure ) is the key to doing C-E translation well. The subject of the TT sentence must be chosen flexibly. Sometimes, it can be the that of the ST sentence，but this is not always the case. e.g.假日里，青年人双双对对漫步在公园。 The young people in pairs and couples rambled about the park on holidays. A story about a postman: 邮差先生走到街上来，手里拿着一大把信。 Mr. postman would walk up the street with a bundle of letter in his hand. 在这小城里他兼任邮务员、售票员，但仍旧有许多剩余时间， Working in a small town as postman and stamp seller, he