英语语法8.分词PPT.pptVIP

B.现在分词独立主格结构 1.表示时间 Everyone being ready, the teacher began his class. （相当于一个时间状语从句When everyone was ready) The chairman began the meeting , everyone being seated.（相当于一个时间状语从句after everyone was seated） 2.表示原因 The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave. (相当于一个原因状语从句Because the boy led the way） Many eyes watching him, he felt a bit nervous. （相当于As many eyes were watching him） 注意：含有being的独立主格结构。 It being National Day today，the streets are very crowded. = As it is National Day today, the streets are very crowded. There being no further business to discuss, we all went home. = As there was no further business to discuss, we all went home. 3. 表示条件 Time permitting, we will have a picnic next week. （相当于If time permits…) My health allowing, I will work far into the night. （相当于If my health allows…） 4． 表示方式 The students are walking in the school happily, each wearing a card in front of his chest. （相当于一个并列分句and each wears a card in front of his chest） The boy lay on the grass, his eyes looking at the sky.? （相当于一个并列分句and his eyes were looking at the sky） C.过去分词独立主格结构 The book written in simple English, English beginners were able to read it. （独立主格结构在句中作原因状语）?? He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. （方式状语） The task completed, he had two months leave. （作时间状语） =When the task had been completed, he had two months leave. 比较： 动词不定式表示动作没有发生或即将发生，动词-ed形式表示动作已经结束，动词-ing形式往往表示动作正在进行。 The manager looks worried，many things to settle. 经理看上去很着急, 有这么多的事情要处理。 ? 事情还没有处理，而且是由经理本人来处理，用不定式to settle The manager looks relaxed, many things settled. The food being cooked, the boy was watching TV. （两个动作同时进行） The food cooked, the boy went to bed.? （两个动作有先后，饭已做好，小孩才去睡觉的） 二、无动词独立主格结构 “逻辑主语+being+其他”是独立主格结构中的“逻辑主语+动词-ing形式”的一种形式。在这种结构中，being往往可以被省去，这种省去being的结构，称之为无动词“独立主格结构”。 Ten students entered for the competition, the youngest a boy of 12. （the youngest和a boy of 12之间省去了being） 注意： 独立主格结构中的being在下列两种情况下一般不能省略，一是在“There being + 名词