Chapter 2 The Schrodinger Equation 量子力学英文教案课件.pptVIP

Chapter 2 The Schrodinger Equation The Interpretation of the Wave Function The principle of the superposition state Average value of dynamics quantity and Differential Operators Schrodinger Equation Time-independent Schrodinger Equation The Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation The Interpretation of the wave function wave function The Interpretation of the wave function The property of wave function The probability ： d W( r, t) = C|Ψ (r,t)|2 dτ， The principle of the superposition state （1） The principle of the superposition state （2） The wave function in momentum space The principle of the superposition state Ψ= C1Ψ1 + C2Ψ2 |Ψ|2 = |C1Ψ1+ C2Ψ2|2 = (C1*Ψ1*+ C2*Ψ2*) (C1Ψ1+ C2Ψ2) = |C1 Ψ1|2+ |C2Ψ2|2 + [C1*C2Ψ1*Ψ2 + C1C2*Ψ1Ψ2*] The principle of the superposition state The wave function in momentum space Average value of dynamics quantity and Differential Operators Average value of dynamics quantity （1） Average value of position （2） Average value of momentum Differential Operators （1）The Momentum Operator （2）The Kinetic Energy Operator （3）The Angular Momentum Operators （4）Hamilton Operator （1） Average value of position Differential Operators One dimension （2） The Kinetic Energy Operator Schrodinger Equation How to describe a quantum mechanical particle? The particles are subject to forces and Newton’s Second Law can then be used to describe the motion of the particle in terms of a second-order differential equation. （2）quantum mechanical 2．The wave equation must be consistent with the classical correspondence principle. The Schr?dinger equation for a free particle A particle in potential V(r) Schr?dinger equation The Schrodinger equation for many particles μi (i = 1, 2,..., N), ψ( r1, r2, ..., rN ; t) Ui(ri), V(r1, r2, ..., rN) The Schrodinger equation for many particles： The probability current density The ti