Directed Technological Change Daron Acemoglu 经济增长导论课件.pdf

14.452 Economic Growth: Lecture 12, Directed Technological Change Daron Acemoglu MIT December 8, 2009. Daron Acemoglu (MIT) Economic Growth Lecture 12 December 8, 2009. 1 / 71 Directed Technological Change Introduction Introduction Thus far have focused on a single type of technological change (e.g., Hicks-neutral). But, technological change is often not neutral: 1 BeneÖts some factors of production and some agents more than others. Distributional e§ects imply some groups will embrace new technologies and others oppose them. 2 Limiting to only one type of technological change obscures the competing e§ects that determine the nature of technological change. Directed technological change: endogenize the direction and bias of new technologies that are developed and adopted. Daron Acemoglu (MIT) Economic Growth Lecture 12 December 8, 2009. 2 / 71 Biased Technological Change Importance Skill-biased technological change Over the past 60 years, the U.S. relative supply of skills has increased, but: 1 there has also been an increase in the college premium, and 2 this increase accelerated in the late 1960s, and the skill premium increased very rapidly beginning in the late 1970s. Standard explanation: skill bias technical change, and an acceleration that coincided with the changes in the relative supply of skills. Important question: skill bias is endogenous, so, why has technological change become more skill biased in recent decades? Daron Acemoglu (MIT) Economic Growth Lecture 12 December 8, 2009. 3 / 71