EST 13 定语从句的翻译 科技英语翻译的基本方法和技巧.ppt

科技英语翻译的基本方法和技巧 定语从句的翻译 合译法 译成定语 The microorganism which causes disease is pathogenic. 引起疾病的微生物是细菌。 The way which the human mind works is almost impossible to copy. 人类思维方式几乎是不可以复制的。 The people who study ecosystem are called ecologists. 那些从事生态系统研究的人被称作生态学家。 A modem is a device which connects a computer via telephone lines to other computers. 调制解调器是把一台计算机通过电话线同其他计算机相连接的一种装置。 In modern industry many substances are used which have been found to do great harm to man. 现代工业使用许多对人体有很大危害的物质。 译成谓语 New electron tubes could be built that worked at much higher voltages. 如今制造的电子管，工作电压要高得多。 A strict vegetarian is a person who never in his life eats anything derived from animals. 严格的素食者终生都不食用动物性食品。 Scientists have found the detective gene that causes a rare, heritable disorder. 科学家们发现基因缺陷会引起一种罕见的遗传疾病。 There is no place on earth where the days are longer in winter than in summer. 地球上任何地方冬天的白昼都比夏天长。 Strength, hardness and plasticity of emtals are the properties that make them so useful for industry. 金属的强度、硬度和可塑性这些性能使它们在工业上得到广泛应用。 分译法 定语从句的分译，就是将定语从句与主句分开来译。分译时，可根据定语从句的不同情况将其翻译为汉语并列分句或偏正复合句。 2．1译成汉语并列分句 如果科技英语定语从句多而长或意义上独立性较强，在逻辑意义上有追叙、分层叙述及转折等作用时，一般可把英语定语从句译成汉语并列句，即采用分译法。根据英语关系代词的不同意义，又可分为以下五种译法： 1）重复关系代词所代的名词，有时还可以在名词之前加指示代词“这”或“该”。 At present hundreds of millions of tons of diverse substances which are a source of harm to the health of people, plant life, and useful microorganisms are discharged to the atmosphere. 目前，成千上万吨各种各样物质排入大气，这些物质实际上是对人类健康、植物生存、以及有用的微生物产生危害的根源。 The earth is a large ecosystem in which plants, animals, insects and humans all depend on one another in some way. 地球是一个大型的生态系统，在这个系统中动物、植物、昆虫以及人类在一定程度上都相互依存。 Heart and vessels form a complete circle, through which the blood flows. 心脏和脉管形成一个完整的循环，血液通过这一循环而流动。 Air is a mixture of gases, of which oxygen forms 21% by volume. 空气是一种气体混合物，氧气占空气体积的21%。 2)当英语主句是系表结构时．可将英语关系代词译成“它”、“它们”等。 All living things are made of very small cells, whose form can be seen with the aid of a microscope. 所有生命体都由极小的细胞构成，借助显微镜可以看到它们的形状。