Java课件_LESSON 2 - Variables and Data Types.ppt

LESSON 2: Variables and Data Types 吴砥 wudi@ Department of Electronics Information Engineering, Huazhong University of Science Technology, Wuhan, P.R.C. Outline Variables Primitive Data Types Arrays The Application of Arrays Summary Variables What is variables? Variables are locations in memory in which values can be stored. Every variable has a name, a type, a size and a value. Before you can use a variable, you have to declare it. After it is declared, you can then assign values to it. Variable Types The variable type can be one of the three things: One of the eight basic primitive data types The name of a class An array Three kinds of variables instance variables class variables local variables no global variables Instance variables Attributes or the state of a particular object Store information needed by multiple methods in the object Have different values for each object Class variables Similar to instance variables Apply to all that class’s instances Apply to the class itself Local variables Inside method definitions Store information needed by a single method Declaring variables Variable declarations consist of a type and a variable name, e.g.: int count; String name; boolean validated; Variable declarations can go anywhere in a method definition Most commonly declared in the beginning of the definition before they are used Sample code The same type variables The variables with the same type can be stringed together, e.g.: double x, y, z; String fname, lname; Variables’ initial value The initial value of a variable can be given in declaration, e.g.: int a = 10, b = 5; String myname = “Wu Di” Only the last variable has initial value if there are multiple variables on the same line, e.g.: double x, y, z = 10.0; Default initial values Local variables have no initial value, they should be given values before they can be used. Instance and class variable definitions do not have the restriction, their initial value depends on the type of the variable: nu